In this paper, we demonstrate a computationally efficient new approach based on deep learning (DL) techniques for analysis, design, and optimization of electromagnetic (EM) nanostructures. We use the strong correlation among features of a generic EM problem to considerably reduce the dimensionality of the problem and thus, the computational complexity, without imposing considerable errors. By employing the dimensionality reduction concept using the more recently demonstrated autoencoder technique, we redefine the conventional many-to-one design problem in EM nanostructures into a one-to-one problem plus a much simpler many-to-one problem, which can be simply solved using an analytic formulation. This approach reduces the computational complexity in solving both the forward problem (i.e., analysis) and the inverse problem (i.e., design) by orders of magnitude compared to conventional approaches. In addition, it provides analytic formulations that, despite their complexity, can be used to obtain intuitive understanding of the physics and dynamics of EM wave interaction with nanostructures with minimal computation requirements. As a proof-of-concept, we applied such an efficacious method to design a new class of on-demand reconfigurable optical metasurfaces based on phase-change materials (PCM). We envision that the integration of such a DL-based technique with full-wave commercial software packages offers a powerful toolkit to facilitate the analysis, design, and optimization of the EM nanostructures as well as explaining, understanding, and predicting the observed responses in such structures.
翻译:在本文中,我们展示了一种基于分析、设计和优化电磁纳米结构的深层次学习(DL)技术的计算高效的新方法。我们使用通用电磁纳米结构特征之间的紧密关联性,以大大降低问题的维度,从而在不造成大量错误的情况下,大大降低问题的维度,从而降低计算复杂性。通过使用最近展示的自动编码技术,我们将EM纳米结构中常规的多对一设计问题重新定位为一对一的问题,加上一个简单得多的多对一问题,而这些问题可以通过分析的配方简单解决。我们使用这种方法,通过使用数量级级级减少问题(即分析)和反向问题(即设计)之间的紧密关联性。此外,通过使用最近展示的自动编码编码技术,我们将EM纳米结构中的常规多对一设计问题重新定位为一对一,并用最简单的计算要求来直观地理解电磁波与纳米结构互动的物理和动态。作为证据的共验,我们采用这种精准的计算方法,我们用这种精准的计算方法,将精准的精准的精准的精准地将精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准度结构,我们度结构,将精准的精准方法用于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于于精确地对精准的研准的智能的智能的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准的精准