Overturning tractors are the leading cause of fatalities on farms. Steering instability contributes significantly to the tractor overturning. This study investigated tractor overturning accidents caused by the steering instability using a driving simulator. The general commercial driving simulator CarSim (Mechanical Simulation Cooperation, MI, USA) was used. Tractor operations on steep passage slopes were simulated to mimic conditions present for a real accident case reported in Japan. Simulations were performed on roads with and without slopes. The tractor overturned only when on the road with the steep slope. The decrease in the vertical force on the front wheel caused the steering instability and the tractor to overturn. The steering instability caused understeer which prevents the operator from being able to control the tractor properly. Subsequently, the tractor overturned in the simulation. The tractor driving simulator was capable of reproducing the steering instability which can lead to the overturning accident.


翻译:方向性不稳定是造成农场死亡的主要原因。指导性不稳定是造成拖拉机倒车的主要原因。本研究调查了使用驾驶模拟器使拖拉机倒车造成的由方向性不稳定造成的事故。使用了一般商业驾驶模拟器CarSim(机械模拟合作,美国,美美),模拟了陡坡的拖拉机操作,模仿了日本报告的真正事故情况。在有斜坡和没有斜坡的公路上模拟了路况。拖拉机只在斜坡的公路上翻转。前轮垂直力下降导致方向性不稳定和拖拉机倒车。方向性不稳定使操作员无法正确控制拖拉机。随后,在模拟中,拖拉机翻了。拖拉机模拟器能够产生方向性不稳定,可能导致翻车事故。

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