三株海南红树林来源微生物抗香蕉枯萎病菌的化学成分研究

项目名称： 三株海南红树林来源微生物抗香蕉枯萎病菌的化学成分研究

项目编号： No.41506096

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 王佩

作者单位： 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 红树林是热带亚热带海岸潮间带的特殊植物群落，其特殊的生态环境使其共附生微生物成为了新活性天然产物的重要来源。海南海桑（Sonneratia hainanensis）是海南特有的红树植物，目前关于该植物共附生微生物活性天然产物的研究鲜有报道。香蕉枯萎病是香蕉的毁灭性病害，严重危害海南香蕉产业，而目前尚无有效防治该病的药剂。本课题将对申请者所在课题组前期从海南海桑及其根际土壤来源的微生物中筛选得到的3株具有抗香蕉枯萎病菌的菌株进行进一步生物活性及化学多样性筛选，获得目标菌株。通过改变目标菌株发酵方式，培养基成份、pH及盐度等优化菌株的发酵条件，利用HPLC和TLC进行化学筛选，同时兼顾生物活性；以优化前后的发酵条件进行规模发酵，利用现代分离技术及结构鉴定方法对菌株代谢产物进行分离鉴定，并进行化合物生物活性、结构修饰及构效关系等方面的研究，为防治香蕉枯萎病的生物源农药研发提供活性新化合物，同时为红树林来源微生物天然产物在农药开发方面提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 红树林；微生物；次生代谢产物；抗植物病原菌

英文摘要： Mangroves are the trees and shrubs which grows in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics. Owing to their unique ecological environment, they are potential sources for the isolation of microorganisms which can supply a large quantity of novel bioactive compounds. Three microorganism strains including fungi and actinomycetes isolated from Sonneratia hainanensis and its rhizospheric soil samples were obtained in our pilot work. Their secondary metabolites both exhibited inhibitory activities against of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense which induces the destructive disease for banana and has severely damaged banana industry of Hainan. Yet there are few reports about the study on the secondary metabolites of microorganisms from Sonneratia hainanensis an endemic mangrove of Hainan. In this study, talented strains will be selected from the three strains and the fermentation conditions of them will be optimized. The optimal conditions will be selected using the chemical and biological activity screening phases. The chemical screening will focus on the diversity and types of the secondary metabolites with HPLC and TLC methods. Anti-fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense activity will be selected for biological activity screening phases. After fermentations of the talented strains by the fermentation conditions before and after optimization, the secondary metabolites will be purified by modern separation technology and identified with various structural authentication methods under the guide of anti-fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense bioassay. And the structure-activity relationship will be investigated after bioactivity test against plant pathogens. Furthermore, according to the structure-activity relationship, the derivatives of novel bioactive compounds will be prepared. The study results will offer new active compounds for controlling banana fusarium wilt and provide valuable theoretical foundation for the development of pesticide from secondary metabolites of mangrove microorganisms.

英文关键词： mangrove;microorganism;secondary metabolites; anti-phytopathogenic fungi