基于遥感的宁夏工业固体废物环境监测研究

项目名称： 基于遥感的宁夏工业固体废物环境监测研究

项目编号： No.61461003

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 保文星

作者单位： 北方民族大学

项目金额： 43万元

中文摘要： 西部地区的工业固体废物历年堆积量呈递增趋势，2009 年宁夏的工业固体废物产生量较2005年增长1.5倍，污染防治形势十分严峻。本项目以宁夏石嘴山、宁东地区为研究区域，利用遥感图像动态监测工业固体废物的变化趋势；通过不同时期的高分辨率和多光谱数据，研究不同类型工业固体废物信息提取方法；首先，研究宁夏地区工业固体废物的光谱特征；其次，将参数法与SIFT特征提取等结合，研究不同分辨率遥感图像的几何纠正和配准；针对固体废物对图像清晰度要求高的特点，研究高分辨率和多光谱遥感数据的融合方法；采用多尺度分割、面向对象分类和主成分分析等方法，对一般工业固体废物遥感数据进行提取和分类，构建宁夏地区工业固体废物分类模型，提高分类精度；利用遥感数据及GIS 技术，实时动态监测石嘴山等地区工业固体废物占地和周围环境状况等；根据工业固体废物周边环境若干年的变化，分析本地区工业固体废物的产生与排放对环境的影响。

中文关键词： 遥感图像；图像分类；工业固体废物；图像融合；图像配准

英文摘要： In recent years, the accumulated quantities of industrial solid waste showed an increasing trend in western China. In 2009, the quantity of industrial solid waste generation increased by 1.5 times compared to 2005 in Ningxia. So pollution prevention and control situation is very serious. This project intends to monitor the development trend of industrial solid waste dynamically using Remote Sensing (RS) images in Shizuishan and Ningdong area and study the information extraction methods to different types of industrial solid waste based on high resolution and multi-spectral images. Firstly, study the spectral characteristics of industrial solid waste in Ningxia region. Then, study geometric rectification and registration on different resolution RS images using parameter approach combined with SIFT feature extraction. Since it has extremely high requirements on resolution, we would study the image fusion methods which high resolution and multi-spectral images of industrial solid waste are both needed. And then, about extraction and classification for general industrial solid waste from RS images, classification methods based on multiscale segmentation, object-oriented and PCA method are studied, thus to build up Ningxia region industrial solid waste classification model as well as improve the classification accuracy. In addition, applying RS images, GPS positioning data and GIS technology to monitor the cover area of industrial solid waste and its surrounding environment in key areas such as Shizuishan region in real time and dynamically. Finally, according to changes in the surrounding environment of industrial solid waste for several years, the project would analyze the impact to the environment because of the industrial solid waste generation and discharge.

英文关键词： remote sensing image;image classify;industrial solid waste;image fusion;image registration