基于3D碳纳米材料的全固态超级电容器的制备及性能研究

项目名称： 基于3D碳纳米材料的全固态超级电容器的制备及性能研究

项目编号： No.51503152

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 陈涛

作者单位： 同济大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 三维（3D）碳纳米材料不仅具有良好的导电性还具有较大的比表面积，被广泛应用于基于液体电解质体系的超级电容器的研究，并且能够获得较高的性能；但是，在全固态超级电容器中却很少涉及，主要面临的问题是凝胶电解质很难充分地填充到3D材料的孔洞中，使电解质与电极材料的接触不好，导致器件的性能远低于预期。如何解决电解质与电极材料接触较差的问题，是开发基于3D碳纳米材料的高性能全固态超级电容器的关键。基于前期的工作积累，本项目将通过多种方式制备具有不同结构、不同组分的3D碳纳米材料，着重研究不同合成方法、工艺对所得3D材料的结构、形貌及性能的影响；提出利用压力差驱动凝胶电解质充分渗透到3D材料的孔洞中，使电解质与电极材料具有良好的接触；同时，结合具有赝电容效应的导电高分子和金属氧化物，制备3D结构的碳纳米复合材料，在此基础上，发展出一大类具有较高性能的全固态超级电容器器件。

中文关键词： 聚合物电解质；全固态超级电容器；三维结构；碳纳米管；石墨烯

英文摘要： Due to their high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area, three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanomaterials have been widely used as electrode materials for high-performance liquid electrolyte-based supercapacitors. However, until now, only a few literatures focused on the all-solid-state supercapacitor using 3D carbon nanomaterials as the electrode, the performance of which was much lower than liquid electrolyte-based system. In all-solid-state supercapacitors based on 3D carbon nanomaterials, it is difficult for the gel electrolyte solution to infiltrate all the holes of 3D materials, which caused ineffective contact between the electrode materials and electrolyte, resulted relative lower performance than expected. Therefore, how to resolve the above problem is the key to develop 3D carbon nanomaterials-based all-solid-state supercapacitors with high performance. Based on the previous research experience, this project will focus on fabricating 3D carbon nanomaterials with different structures and components, the effects of different synthetic methods and processes on the structures, morphologies and properties of obtained 3D carbon nanomaterials will be systematically studied. To achieve effective contact between electrode and electrolyte, new method will be developed using pressure difference to force gel electrolyte solution infiltrate into the holes in 3D materials. At the same time, some materials with pseudocapacitive effect, such as conductive polymers and metal oxide, will be introduced into the developed 3D carbon nanomaterials by in-situ electrochemical deposition method. Based on the 3D carbon nanomaterials and their composites, a series of all-solid-state supercapacitor with high performance will be developed.

英文关键词： polymer electrolyte;all-solid-state supercapacitor;three-dimensional structure;carbon nanotube;graphene