项目名称: 碳载铂基金属催化剂的尺寸和结构控制合成、表征及其电催化性能研究
项目编号: No.21273180
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 数理科学和化学
项目作者: 姜艳霞
作者单位: 厦门大学
项目金额: 81万元
中文摘要: 铂基金属具有独特的反应活性和稳定性,在许多应用领域都是不可替代的催化剂。但其储量稀少,设计和制备高性能的铂基金属催化剂成为重要的研究课题。由高指数晶面围成的小尺寸铂纳米粒子在催化体系中表现出很高的催化活性,且不同的表面结构对特定的反应具有选择性。本项目拟发展碳载的铂基金属催化剂尺度和结构同时可控的合成新方法,并根据所合成催化剂的结构特征,定向设计催化反应体系。拟合成铂、铂钯和铂铋等碳载催化剂,从催化剂表面结构的表征,以及对一元醇和多元醇氧化过程分子水平的研究,来定向地指导催化剂的可控合成,筛选出醇类氧化的高性能催化剂。因此我们提出两步法和一步法实现碳载催化剂的尺寸和表面结构同时可控。两步法即以碳材料为载体,利用化学法合成出小尺寸催化剂,再利用电化学法调控出高活性表面结构。一步法是在碳载体上,使用具有选择性吸附的功能小分子或离子作为结构导向剂,控制高活性晶面的生长,以实现尺寸和结构同时可控。
中文关键词: 电催化;铂基催化剂;表面偏析;结构调控;电化学原位红外光谱
英文摘要: Platinum-based metals which possess excellent catalytic reactivity and stability play an irreplaceable role in many application fields. Because of its limited reserves, the design and preparation of high-performance catalyst of platinum-based metals have become vital research topics. Platinum nanoparticles with small size and enclosed by high-index facets will exhibit high catalytic reactivity. Moreover, different surface structures are selective to specific reactions. The project will develop new synthetic methods for carbon supported platinum-based metals, which simultaneously achieves both-controlled the size and surface structure. Moreover, the electrocatalytic reaction system will be designed purposefully based on the structural characterization of catalysts. Several carbon supported platinum-based catalysts, such as Pt/C, Pt-Pd/C and Pt-Bi/C, will be synthesized, and the oxidation process of monohydric and polyol alcohol will be researched at the molecular level. The relation between the surface structure of catalysts and their properties could be obtained from the experiments results, which will offer the evidences and clues for directional guidance the synthesis of catalysts, thus to sift out high-performance catalysts for the alcohol oxidation. Based on our plentiful accumulated works, two-step method a
英文关键词: electrocatalysis;Pt-based catalysts;surface segregation;structrue-controlled;in situ electrochemical FTIR