State space models (SSMs) have recently emerged as a powerful framework for long sequence processing, outperforming traditional methods on diverse benchmarks. Fundamentally, SSMs can generalize both recurrent and convolutional networks and have been shown to even capture key functions of biological systems. Here we report an approach to implement SSMs in energy-efficient compute-in-memory (CIM) hardware to achieve real-time, event-driven processing. Our work re-parameterizes the model to function with real-valued coefficients and shared decay constants, reducing the complexity of model mapping onto practical hardware systems. By leveraging device dynamics and diagonalized state transition parameters, the state evolution can be natively implemented in crossbar-based CIM systems combined with memristors exhibiting short-term memory effects. Through this algorithm and hardware co-design, we show the proposed system offers both high accuracy and high energy efficiency while supporting fully asynchronous processing for event-based vision and audio tasks.
翻译:状态空间模型(SSMs)近年来已成为长序列处理的重要框架,在多种基准测试中表现优于传统方法。从本质上讲,SSMs 能够泛化循环神经网络和卷积网络,甚至已被证明可以捕捉生物系统的关键功能。本文报告了一种在节能型存内计算硬件中实现 SSMs 的方法,以实现实时、事件驱动的处理。我们的工作对模型进行了重新参数化,使其能够使用实值系数和共享衰减常数运行,从而降低了模型映射到实际硬件系统的复杂性。通过利用器件动态特性和对角化的状态转移参数,状态演化可以原生地实现在基于交叉阵列的存内计算系统中,并结合具有短期记忆效应的忆阻器。通过这种算法与硬件的协同设计,我们证明了所提出的系统在支持基于事件的视觉和音频任务的全异步处理的同时,兼具高精度和高能效。