项目名称: 单原子/亚纳米镍/氧化铝催化剂的制备及其催化甲烷转化的反应机理研究
项目编号: No.51502170
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2016
项目学科: 一般工业技术
项目作者: 刘静
作者单位: 上海交通大学
项目金额: 20万元
中文摘要: 甲烷是一种无毒、热值高、洁净环保并且可再生的优质能源,其在自然界中储量非常丰富。将甲烷转化为附加值更高的液体燃料和基础化学品,对我国具有巨大的工业和经济价值。用于甲烷转化的催化剂中,贵金属催化剂价格高昂,而非贵金属催化剂,例如镍催化剂,催化活性高并且价格低廉,却因高温烧结和大量积炭使其使用寿命非常有限。本课题着眼于当前催化剂研究领域前沿之一的原子尺度催化剂,拟采用原子层沉积法(ALD)制备单原子/亚纳米Ni/Al2O3催化剂,评估其催化甲烷转化的性能。本课题的研究重点在于通过合成具有均一的、电子态可控的单活性位催化剂,直观的研究和理解复杂的甲烷催化转化反应,从尺寸效应、几何效应和电子效应的角度阐释Ni/Al2O3催化剂催化甲烷转化的原理,以期克服目前镍催化剂存在的高温易烧结和积碳的问题,为改进甲烷转化催化剂提供新思路和理论依据。
中文关键词: 纳米复合材料;氧化铝;镍;可控制备
英文摘要: Methane is known as a kind of non-toxic, clean and renewable energy with high heating value. There are massive reserves of methane in the natural world. The most effective and beneficial way to utilize methane is to convert it into liquid hydrocarbons. The project focuses on atomic level catalysts, a new frontier in heterogeneous catalysis, aiming to produce a single atom/sub-nano Ni/Al2O3 catalyst using atomic layer deposition (ALD) method and assess its catalytic performance for methane conversion. The key points of this project are to directly observe and understand the complicated progress of the methane conversion via synthesis of catalyst with single and uniform active site and controllable electronic state, explain the mechanism of the methane conversion catalysis by Ni/Al2O3 from the aspects of size effects, geometric effects and electronic effects, solve the problems of coke and sintering of nickel, and finally design an ideal catalyst for methane conversion.
英文关键词: Nanocomposite;Alumina;Nickel;Controllable preparation