自适应实时红外小目标图像处理方法研究

项目名称： 自适应实时红外小目标图像处理方法研究

项目编号： No.61471355

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 邓鹤

作者单位： 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 传统局域化分析方法因受Heisenberg测不准原理的制约，在分析复杂背景下低信噪比红外小目标图像时,易产生模态混叠问题，自适应性差，且难以满足系统实时性的要求。针对上述挑战，本项目基于经验模态分解（EMD）自适应局域化分析特性，探索复杂背景下自适应实时红外小目标图像处理新方法。首先，正确认识复杂背景下红外小目标图像的模态混叠及机理，并设计基于多帧集成的去混叠算法，提升算法分析性能；其次，探索符合红外图像特性的二维EMD方法，并依此构建图像自适应预处理、自适应分割等技术，高效提取候选目标；最后，结合目标的时空特性，研究基于时空域融合滤波的真假目标甄别方法，降低算法运算量，满足系统实时性需求。与此同时，开发红外小目标图像处理算法仿真平台，并通过仿真改进和完善理论研究。本项目为自适应实时红外小目标图像处理系统的设计和开发提供关键理论基础和应用方案，拓展该技术在军用和民用领域的应用范围。

中文关键词： 图像增强；图像处理

英文摘要： When adopted to analyze the images of infrared small targets with low signal-to-noise ratio against complex backgrounds, the traditional localization methods restricted to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle expose the problem of mode mixing and bad self-adaptive property, and fail to meet the requirement for the real time. Consequently, the project utilizes the self-adaptive decomposition property of empirical mode decomposition (EMD), aiming to study a novel self-adaptive and real-time processing method of infrared small target images. Firstly, correctly understand the problem of mode mixing of infrared small target images against complex backgrounds, and then propose an effective de-mixing method based on the multi-frame integration. Secondly, explore a realization method of bidimensional EMD, then construct a self-adaptive image preprocessing algorithm and a self-adaptive segmentation method to enhance the capability of the candidate target extraction. Thirdly, consider the spatial and temporal features of the targets, and study a true or false target discrimination method based on the temporal-spatial fusion filtering, aiming to lessen the computation cost and meet the requirement for the real time. Meanwhile, develop a simulation platform for processing algorithms of infrared small target images, aiming to improve and perfect the theoretical research based on the simulated results. The study provides the design and development of the self-adaptive and real-time processing system of infrared small target images with key theoretical bases and application schemes. Therefore, the project enlarges the practical application of the processing technology of infrared small target images in military and civil fields.

英文关键词： image enhancement;image processing