含锗锌浸渣微波强化浸出锗的机理研究

项目名称： 含锗锌浸渣微波强化浸出锗的机理研究

项目编号： No.51504004

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 吴雪兰

作者单位： 安徽工业大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 湿法炼锌浸出渣中含有大量的锗，具有极高的综合回收价值。本项目拟采用微波强化含锗锌浸渣的浸出过程，发展环境友好的含锗锌浸渣提锗新工艺，而微波强化含锗锌浸渣的浸出过程及机理是该新工艺的关键所在。在分析原料化学组成、粒度和有价金属元素赋存状态的基础上，采用常规浸出和微波加热浸出对比的方法，研究含锗锌浸渣、浸出剂以及浸出体系在微波场中的升温行为；探索微波功率、浸出温度、浸出时间、液固比等微波辅助浸出过程参数对组元浸出率的影响规律，研究微波强化对锗的浸出行为及动力学控制步骤的影响，探明浸出反应动力学机理；研究浸出产物的物化性质变化，并探讨微波浸出强化机理，为锌冶炼企业提高资源综合利用率和污染减排，实现该技术工业应用提供理论基础和科学依据。

中文关键词： 含锗锌浸渣；微波；酸浸；锗

英文摘要： Hydrometallurgical zinc residue contains a large amount of germanium that is of extremely high comprehensive recovery value.The environmentally friendly new technology of acid leaching of germanium from germanium-bearing zinc residue enhancing by microwave irradiation is proposed in this project. The process and mechanism of microwave enhanced sulfuric acid leaching of germanium-bearing zinc residue is critical for the new technology. The analysis of chemical composition, the size of particles and the occurrence of valuable metal elements would be studied. By the comparison of conventional heating and microwave-assisted leaching of zinc residue, the temperature increasing behaviors of zinc residue, sulfuric acid solution and leaching system under microwave heating are researched. The effects of microwave-assisted leaching factors e.g. microwave power, temperature, leaching time, liquid-solid ratio, etc, on leaching ratios of Ge, Zn, and Fe would be systematically investigated. By researching the influences of microwave-assisted leaching on the leaching behavior of germanium and the dynamic control steps, the leaching reaction kinetics mechanism is proved. The changes of physicochemical properties of leaching product are studied, and then microwave leaching strengthening mechanism is revealed. The expected results will provide the theoretical and scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of resources and pollution reduction in the zinc smelting enterprises.

英文关键词： Germanium-bearing zinc residue;Microwave;Acid leaching;Germanium