AM真菌增强玉米根系降解除草剂的分子机理

项目名称： AM真菌增强玉米根系降解除草剂的分子机理

项目编号： No.31470465

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 朱苏文

作者单位： 安徽农业大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 除草剂应用是玉米一项十分重要的杂草防除技术，但其残留日趋严重，造成土壤及水体污染，影响生态和食品安全，因而对土壤除草剂的生物降解及其机理研究已成为生态环境领域重要热点。本项目组前期研究表明利用丛枝菌根（AM）真菌与玉米共生可以显著增强玉米根系降解除草剂的能力。然而，对其分子调控机制了解甚少。本项目拟以玉米菌根为研究对象，分析玉米菌根与非菌根根系对除草剂阿特拉津降解能力的变化及其转录组差异，利用生物信息学技术解析除草剂降解相关代谢调控网络并筛选关键候选基因，再利用RNAi和过表达转基因玉米进一步验证候选基因的功能，在此基础上进行关键基因调控网络、降解酶蛋白表达水平及信号分子Myc互作分析，从而阐明AM真菌增强玉米根系降解除草剂的分子机制。项目研究结果将有助于丰富植物与AM真菌相互作用的理论，为应用玉米菌根减少除草剂生态污染，选育高效降解除草剂等有机污染物的玉米品种提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 玉米菌根；降解；除草剂；基因调控网络；分子机理

英文摘要： Application of herbicides is one of important method for weed control in maize, but its residue is becoming more and more serious nowadays. Residue of herbicides not only causes soil and water pollution, but also affects the ecological and food safety, thus investigation on biodegradation of herbicides and involved mechanism has become the research focus in ecology and environment fields. Our group has confirmed that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can significantly enhance the degradation efficiency of maize on herbicides. However, little is known about the molecular regulation mechanism. This project will use maize and its mycorrhiza as the object to analyze the transcriptome difference between maize roots with or without atrazine treatment via symbiotic system and the induction of Myc factor. Differently expressed genes of maize will be further analyzed to screen the key candidate gene(s) and the possible key metabolic regulatory networks by bioinformatical methods, and then the functions of the key candidate gene(s) will be preliminarily verified by transgenic maize plants with RNAi and over expression techniques. Finally, the data that are collected from the key gene regulatory network, degradation enzyme expression and signal molecule Myc interaction analysis will be integrated to elucidate the molecular regulation mechanism of AM fungi enhanced phytoremediation of organic pollutants. The result of this project not only enrich the theory on plants and AM fungi interaction, but also provides a theoretical basis for guiding the breeding of eco-friendly corn varieties with efficient degradation organic pollutants abilities.

英文关键词： Mycorrhiza of Maize;Degradation;herbicide;Gene regulatory networks;Molecular mechanism