基于模型的无波前传感器自适应光学关键理论和方法研究

项目名称： 基于模型的无波前传感器自适应光学关键理论和方法研究

项目编号： No.61505008

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 董冰

作者单位： 北京理工大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 无波前传感器自适应光学系统和传统自适应光学系统相比省去了专用的波前传感器，采用一定的优化算法直接控制波前校正器使评价函数达到最优。目前提出的优化算法分为无模型优化算法和基于模型的优化算法两类。无模型优化算法（如随机并行梯度下降算法）收敛速度较慢且可能收敛到局部极值。基于模型的优化算法通过建立评价函数与像差模式之间的数学关系，直接求解构成波前误差的模式系数，收敛速度相比无模型优化算法显著提高。本项目通过理论分析、仿真和实验研究基于模型的无波前传感器自适应光学关键理论和方法，具体包括：（1）基于分块式主镜本征模式的复杂非连续光瞳波前误差校正；（2）基于模型的大动态范围、高精度波前误差校正；（3）基于模型的动态波前误差校正。本项目取得的创新性研究成果可以用于空间光学遥感器在轨误差校正、生物显微成像、大气湍流补偿、激光光束净化等方面。

中文关键词： 自适应光学；无波前传感器；基于模型；分块式主镜；本征模式

英文摘要： In wavefront sensorless adaptive optics system, the customized wavefront sensor is absent compared with classical adaptive optics system and a kind of optimization algorithm is used to directly control the wavefront corrector to optimize a metric function. Currently, the proposed optimization algorithms can be classified into two categories: model-free optimization algorithms and model-based optimization algorithms. Model-free optimization algorithms, like stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD), usually have slow convergence speed and possibly converge to local optimum. In model-based algorithm, mathematical relationship between metric function and aberration modes is formalized and the modes coefficients can be calculated directly from this relationship, which leads to a much faster convergence speed than model-free algorithms. Key theories and methods in model-based optimization algorithm will be studied by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experiment, which including: (1) wavefront error correction for complicated non-continuous pupil based on eigen-modes of segmented primary mirror; (2) model-based wavefront correction with large dynamic range and high accuracy; (3) model-based wavefront correction for dynamic wavefront error. Innovative achievements expected to be obtained from this project can be used for on-orbit wavefront correction of space optical remote sensor, biological microscopy, compensation of atmospheric turbulence, laser beam clean-up, etc.

英文关键词： adaptive optics;wavefront sensorless ;model-based ;segmented primary mirror;eigen-modes