高速公路对典型黑土区土壤动物多样性的影响机制研究

项目名称： 高速公路对典型黑土区土壤动物多样性的影响机制研究

项目编号： No.31200407

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生态学

项目作者： 董炜华

作者单位： 长春师范大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 高速公路的建设和运营，在给社会带来巨大财富的同时也造成了景观破碎、环境污染和生物多样性降低等生态学问题。关于公路对路域系统的生态影响主要集中于植物和地上动物群落方面，至今尚缺乏公路对土壤动物多样性影响的研究。本项目以典型黑土区高速公路路域生态系统为研究对象，通过对典型路段不同地表覆被系统中路域土壤动物种类、数量及关键类群的数量特征和生物非生物环境因子的监测，确定高速公路对土壤动物分布和多样性的影响域和不同动物类群对土壤环境变化的响应模式，揭示影响公路路域土壤动物分布格局的关键环境因子，阐明高速公路对土壤动物分布格局及多样性形成和维持的调控机制，评价土壤动物群落变化对黑土区土壤环境变化的指示作用。本研究可为黑土区不同路段制定科学的路域环境保护策略提供科学依据，这对保障路域生态安全、维持土壤生物多样性和促进路域生态环境的可持续发展具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 土壤动物；多样性；高速公路；影响域；典型黑土区

英文摘要： The construction, usage and maintenance of freeway brings vast wealth to society, landscape fragmentation, environmental pollution and biodiversity reduction etc ecological problems are also come forth. The ecological effects of freeway mainly focus on plants and animals on the ground. There is less reports on soil animals diversity alongside freeway. Hence, there is a need for a more thorough explanation the mechanisms underlying how freeway affect the distribution and diversity of soil animal communities at different taxonomic levels. In this study, we used a typical black soil area in the Jilin province as a model system. The characteristics of composition and numbers of soil animal and key groups in three sampling zone each ecosystem alongside freeway are showed. The data of biological and other environmental factors are also measured in sampling zone.The effect zone of freeway are pointed out in study zone. The respond modes to soil environment of different groups are proposed. The distribution pattern and the mechanism of diversity formation and maintenance are demonstrated. The indication of soil environment of black soil by soil fauna are put up. Our aims of this study are to determine a scientific basis for the protection of the ecological safety according ecosystem types in typical black soil area. The

英文关键词： soil fauna；biodiversity；highway；effect zone；typical black zone