区域环境要素对栓皮栎次生林生态系统土壤有机质稳定性的影响机制

项目名称： 区域环境要素对栓皮栎次生林生态系统土壤有机质稳定性的影响机制

项目编号： No.31270491

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 康宏樟

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 次生林占全球森林覆盖面积的57%，作为全球巨大的碳库之一，它对气候变化具有高度的敏感性，在全球碳平衡中起着极其重要的作用，然而，未来环境变化对次生林生态系统土壤有机质稳定性的影响却了解甚少。本项目选择区域尺度上6个典型栓皮栎次生林样点，通过建立自然环境变化梯度及模拟氮沉降的稳定性核素15N双标记试验，研究环境的改变对森林凋落物的数量和质量、有机质的组成和分解、微生物多样性及其活性等的影响；从生态系统的角度探讨深层的土壤有机质比浅层稳定的原因，揭示区域环境变化对我国东部次生林生态系统土壤有机质稳定性影响的潜在机制。在全球变化的背景下，选择跨区域尺度上单一树种为主的次生林生态系统为研究对象，简化了优势树种的不同对土壤有机质质量的影响，能够更好的揭示环境对土壤碳稳定性的影响机制；在分析和预测全球环境变化效应，预测土壤对环境的敏感程度，制定我国合理森林经营管理政策等方面均具有重要的理论和实践意义。

中文关键词： 土壤有机质；森林生态系统；地下生态过程；分解；环境变化

英文摘要： On a global average, almost two-third of all forest is secondary forest or other naturally regenerated forest except primary forest, which represents a huge reservoir of carbon on a global basis. Yet, despite their importance in the global carbon budget and their high susceptibility to climate change, very litter is known about how environmental change will affect the stabilization of soil organic matter (SOM) in secondary forest. It remains largely unknown why some SOM persists for millennia whereas other SOM decomposes readily and this limits our ability to predict how soils will respond to global environmental change. Six typical Quercus variabilis natural secondary forests has been selected to establish a gradient of environment, and double-labeled with 15N technique were used to simulate nitrogen deposition. By investigating the SOM and relevant environments, the influences of environment on litter quality and quantity, soil carbon cycling, soil microbial diversity and activity, nutrient composition (elemental and isotopic), as well as physic-chemical properties of soil. In an effort to elucidate why organic matter in subsoil horizons has longer turnover times than topsoil as an ecosystem property. To systematically explore the influence of environmental change on soil carbon stability of the natural second

英文关键词： Soil organic matter；Forest ecosystem；Belowground ecological processes；Decomposition；Environmental change