空间站零燃料大角度姿态机动机理与路径规划

项目名称： 空间站零燃料大角度姿态机动机理与路径规划

项目编号： No.11272346

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 唐国金

作者单位： 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 零燃料大角度姿态机动是新近在国际空间站得到应用的先进姿态控制概念，使用控制力矩陀螺替代喷气推力器进行大角度姿态机动控制，通过规划姿态机动路径，使得控制力矩陀螺进行大角度姿态机动控制时免于饱和或奇异，实现姿态机动的零燃料消耗。本项目以我国空间站设计为背景，开展零燃料姿态机动的机理分析研究，研究力矩平衡姿态的存在性和稳定性分析的解析方法，从能量平衡角度研究零燃料姿态机动路径的存在性，力图揭示零燃料姿态机动的机理和适用条件；建立考虑了控制力矩陀螺框架操纵律的零燃料姿态机动路径规划模型，研究事先离线和实时在线规划算法，突破多约束两点边值问题这一零燃料姿态机动的关键技术；对零燃料姿态机动的关键制约参数进行设计优化；采用高精度的动力学模型对规划结果进行数字仿真验证。项目研究将形成系统的空间站零燃料姿态机动分析与设计的理论与方法体系，研究成果对我国空间站等大型航天器的研制与运营具有重要实践价值。

中文关键词： 空间站；零燃料姿态机动；控制力矩陀螺；路径规划；参数优化

英文摘要： Zero-propellant large-angle attitude maneuver is an advanced concept of attitude control, which has been applied to International Space Station (ISS) recently.Thrusters are replaced by control moment gyroscopes (CMGs) to accomplish large-angle attitude maneuver control. By planning attitude maneuver path, saturation or sigularity of CMGs is avoided and zero-propellant consumption is successfully accomplished. With the background of the Chinese Space Station design, this project studies the mechanism of zero-propellant maneuver (ZPM). The analytical methods of existence possibility and stability of torque equilibrium attitude are investigated. In the view of energy equilibrium, the existence possibility of ZPM path is studied, which attempts to reveal the mechanism and applying conditions of ZPM. Considered with CMGs gimbal steering law，ZPM path planning model is established, prior off-line and real-time on-board planning algorithms are studied ,then multi-constraints two-point boundary values problem will be solved, which is the key technology of ZPM. The key restriction parameters of ZPM are designed and optimized. With high precision dynamical model, the numerical simulation demonstration of ZPM path planning result is executed. This project will form the theoretical and methodological systems about analysis a

英文关键词： Space Station；Zero Propellant Maneuver；Control Momentum Gyroscopes；Path Planning；Parameters Optimization