金沙江干热河谷地衣放线菌多样性研究

项目名称： 金沙江干热河谷地衣放线菌多样性研究

项目编号： No.31460005

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 姜怡

作者单位： 云南大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 放线菌是天然药物开发的主要来源之一。现今使用的抗生素有3/4 是放线菌生产的，放线菌的来源主要是土壤. 文献鲜有报道从地衣放线菌寻找抗生素的研究工作。地衣是菌藻复合共生而形成的一类特殊生物有机体，全球约3万余种，分布极为广泛。本室初步实验表明，地衣放线菌的种类繁多，生物活性好，具有重要的研究价值和开发前景。本课题在过去40多年工作的基础上，通过新来源、新物种、新基因、新产物、新用途理念指导下，与中科院昆明植物研究所标本馆-地衣研究室合作，选择金沙江干热河谷地区这一横断山特有地衣生态区，采集不同海拔和生境的地衣，通过分离、鉴定纯培养放线菌，研究其多样性及生物活性，为发现药物先导物提供菌源，探索地衣放线菌资源研究的新途径。

中文关键词： 放线菌资源；多样性；生物活性；系统分类；地衣

英文摘要： Actinomycetes are a main source of new antibiotics and other drugs. Up to now, 3/4 antibiotics applied in clinical and agriculture is produced by actinomycetes. But most of the actnomycetes producing antibiotics were isolated from soil. The research work on antibiotics from lichen-associated actinomycetes are very rare. Over 30,000 species of Lichen had been found and they distribute in everywhere on the earth. Type of lichen-associated actinomycetes was variety, and bioactivities of the actinomycetes were highly based on primary research in our laboratories. Under guidance of new habitats, new taxons, new genes, new product and new use, and base on research work in the past 40 years, the project will collected lichen samples from the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River, analyses un-culturable bacteria of the samples, isolates and identifies the pure cultural actinomycetes, determined their bioactivities and biosynthese genes of some antibiotics, and find some new actinomycete resouces. We attempt to develope a new field of researching actinomycete resources.

英文关键词： Resource of Actinomycetes;Diversity;Bioactivities;Phylogenetic taxonomy;Lichen