高速铁路风障在突变气动荷载作用下的安全稳定性及优化设计研究

项目名称： 高速铁路风障在突变气动荷载作用下的安全稳定性及优化设计研究

项目编号： No.51278032

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 毛军

作者单位： 北京交通大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 在铁路沿线的大风区安装挡风风障是大风条件下保障高速列车运行安全和提高运行能效的有效措施。挡风风障在列车风或列车风与大风耦合形成的突变气流的作用下，结构附近产生非定常涡流，承受迅速变化的气动荷载，易出现共振或抖振等现象而造成失稳性破坏，从而对附近线路的列车运行安全构成严重威胁。本课题以结构式挡风风障为研究对象，基于空气动力学和振动力学理论，结合数值模拟和风洞模型试验，研究挡风风障在突变气流作用下的涡流特征、气动荷载的时频特性及流固耦合作用，分析其抗风机理及自身的结构安全稳定性，确定车速、风速、轨道中心距以及透风率等物理量对挡风风障的气动特性及振动特性的作用规律，探讨满足列车横风气动荷载减载要求、自身结构稳定性高的新型结构式挡风风障的工作原理，提出新型挡风风障的结构优化设计方法。研究成果可直接为高速铁路挡风风障的设计提供理论依据，对高速列车的风灾防灾减灾具有重要的科学意义和工程应用价值。

中文关键词： 高速铁路；挡风风障；涡流；突变气动荷载；安全稳定性

英文摘要： It's an effective measure to guarantee operation safety and to improve energy efficiency under strong wind condition by installing windbreak along the railway line. With train induced air flow or transient flow which is formed by strong wind and train include wind, unsteady vortex will be formed around the windbreak structure, which bears rapidly changed aerodynamic load, resonance and buffeting that cause unstable failure will easily occur , thus threatening the safety of running trains on nearby lines. Based on aerodynamics and vibration mechanics theory, combined with numerical simulation and wind tunnel model test, this topic takes windbreak as research object, studies vortex feature in transient flow around windbreaks and time-frequency characteristics of aerodynamic load，analyzes wind-resistant mechanism and safety stability of windbreak structure, determined the action law about aerodynamic characteristics and vibration characteristic of windbreak effected by parameters such as vehicle speed, wind speed, distance between tracks, ventilation rate, and so on, explores work principles of new windbreak structure which meets load reduction needs of crosswind aerodynamic load, has good performance on anti-mutation and stability, and proposes a structure optimal design method of new windbreak. The research resul

英文关键词： high-speed railway；windbreak；vortex；discontinuous aerodynamic load；safety stability