项目名称: 猪诱导多能干细胞及其核移植胚胎的异常表观重编程研究
项目编号: No.91519316
项目类型: 重大研究计划
立项/批准年度: 2016
项目学科: 生物科学
项目作者: 吴森
作者单位: 中国农业大学
项目金额: 66万元
中文摘要: 截止到目前为止,还没有任何关于具备生殖嵌合能力的猪胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells,ESCs)和诱导多能型干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cell,iPSCs)建系成功的报道。相较于已经成熟建立并且应用的小鼠多能干细胞系,确定并解决建立高质量的猪多能性干细胞系的症结所在不仅会极大拓宽我们对于干细胞的认识,也能为完善整个大动物包括人类多能性干细胞建系以及医学研究提供强大的理论支持。在我们最近的研究中,我们用大量的数据证实,外源诱导因子的持续表达而引起的不完全重编程是造成iPS细胞发育阻滞的主要原因。而造成这些体内发育异常的猪iPS细胞与重编程过程中所发生的DNA甲基化,组蛋白修饰,印记基因以及X染色体失活等表观现象异常有十分重要的关联。对这些存在的异常表观现象的诠释与解决对于建立起更加完善的重编程方法和培养体系都具有重要的研究意义。
中文关键词: 猪;iPS细胞;核移植;甲基化;
英文摘要: To date no authentic germline-competent embryonic stem (ES) cell line or induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line has been established for large animals. Elucidation of the causes of this failure in obtaining high quality pig iPS/ES cells may offer essential clues for eventual establishment of authentic ES cells for large animals including humans. Through extensive in vivo experiments with pig iPSCs, we have found that incomplete reprogramming manifested by a reliance on sustained expression of exogenous-reprogramming factors appeared to be the main reason for the inability of porcine iPSCs to form iPSC-derived piglets. The abnormalities in pig iPSCs may include those in DNA methylation, histone modification, imprinting, and X chromosome inactivation. Elucidation of these abnormalities should help us develop better reprogramming methods and culture conditions for eventual derivation of genuine pig iPSCs as well as ESCs.
英文关键词: pig;induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC);nuclear transfer;DNA methylation;