笼型异步发电机系统电压与频率稳定控制的新方法研究

项目名称： 笼型异步发电机系统电压与频率稳定控制的新方法研究

项目编号： No.51307048

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 电工技术

项目作者： 程苗苗

作者单位： 湖南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 随着小水电，风电等新能源的开发和中小型分散电源系统的发展，笼型异步发电机由于简单，坚固，价廉等优点而备受关注；其缺点是转速或负载变化时难以维持电压/频率的稳定。因此，迫切需要一种简单可靠且性能优良的方法来实现电压/频率控制，提高带载能力。本项目首先从异步发电机的稳暂态模型出发，结合无功补偿的动态过程，重点突破其自身参数对电压暂态的作用机理和影响规律，形成对无功补偿方法在补偿容量，响应速度，控制精度等方面的性能要求；其次，提出一种新型的无功补偿方法-并联型MERS（磁能回复开关），从建模分析，控制策略，参数设计三个方面建立起并联型MERS控制理论，进而提出其对异步发电机系统中各种复杂负载情况的电压控制方法；再次，研究异步发电机系统频率波动的产生机理和作用因素，突破暂态频率偏移对电压的耦合影响和量化分析，并提出基于飞轮储能的电力缓冲器来平衡负载，稳定频率。以上方法实用可靠，具有广阔的应用前景。

中文关键词： 电压控制；无功补偿；异步发电机；分散电源；能量储藏

英文摘要： With the exploitation of new energy such as small hydropower or wind power and the development of distributed systems, the squirel cage induction generators (SCIG) are taking more and more attention due to their simplicity, robust and low-cost；the bottleneck is the voltage/frequency instablity once the rotating speed or load changes. Therefore, it is ergent to require a solution with good performance but simplicity and realibility. This project will first study the steady/transient operation charactristics of the SCIG by taking the dynamic reactive power compensation into account, reveal the mechanism of machine papameters inflencing on the voltage transient, and sum up with the demand for the reactive power compensation technology on compensation capacity, response speed and control accuracy. Secondly, this project will propose a new reactive power compensation method - Shunt MERS (Magnetic Energy Recovery Switch), build a complet control theory including model analysis, control strategy and parameter design, and then propose proper control method to deal with the different loading conditions in SCIG systems. Thirdly, this project will study the mechanism of frequency fluctuation of SCIG system, reveal the mechanism of trasient frequency drop influcing on the stator voltage, and then propose a flywheel-based p

英文关键词： Voltage control；Reactive power compensation；Induction generator；Distributed system；Energy storage