花前干旱锻炼对避雨栽培番茄花后渍水逆境下品质的影响机制及效应

项目名称： 花前干旱锻炼对避雨栽培番茄花后渍水逆境下品质的影响机制及效应

项目编号： No.51279059

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 邵光成

作者单位： 河海大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 土壤水分逆境是限制番茄品质形成的重要生态因子。本研究拟选用避雨环境下番茄为研究对象，通过设置花前干旱锻炼及花后渍水逆境叠加处理，采用筒栽、测坑和小区定量定位系统监测试验和室内品质分析与模型验证相结合的方法，研究干旱锻炼及花后渍水下作物气孔调控与用水过程及生理状况，明确干旱锻炼及花后渍水对水平衡要素、生长指标和作物产量的调控效应及作用机制；揭示根系活力与形态对干旱锻炼适应性变化及其对花后抗渍能力的影响，阐明花后渍水胁迫对干旱锻炼诱导特征形状的修饰效果，分析果实可溶性固形物、Vc含量、可食率等品质参数对干旱锻炼及花后渍水逆境的响应规律；探讨干旱锻炼及花后渍水逆境叠加品质效应产生的生理与栽培学机制。在考虑节水、优质和高产的基础上，运用主成分分析和投影寻踪构建避雨环境下干旱和渍水逆境控制指标组合评价模型。研究结果对于深入探究南方番茄品质形成的生理生态机制和抗渍调优栽培具有重要理论和实践意义。

中文关键词： 干旱锻炼；避雨栽培；渍水逆境；影响机制；番茄品质

英文摘要： Soil water environmental stress is one of the most important factors limiting quality in tomato production. In the study, cylinder,pit and plot experiment for rain-shelter-cultivation tomato will be conducted by designing the treatments of drought hardening before bloom and fruit-bearing and waterlogging after the stage combined with fruit analysis in laboratory and model validation. The research aims to explore stoma regulation, process of water use and physiological changes of tomato under the condition of drought hardening and waterlogging after bloom and fruit-bearing stage,explicate the action mechanism and effect of drought hardening and waterlogging after bloom and fruit-bearing stage on the element of water balance, growth index and yield of crop,study the adaptations of root activities and morphological characteristics to drought hardening and its influence on resistance of waterlogging after bloom and fruit-bearing stage, analyse the response of fruit quality, such as soluble solids, vitamin c content, edible rate and so on, define the ornament effect of waterlogging after bloom and fruit-bearing stage on morphological characters arising from drought hardening,set forth physiological and cultivation science mechanism of effect on fruit quality for superposition between drought hardening and waterloggin

英文关键词： Drought hardening；Rain-shelter cultivation；Waterlogging stress；Influence mechanism；Fruit quality of tomato