梭菌及其它肠道菌群对大熊猫食性转换期高纤维素性食物的适应性机制研究

项目名称： 梭菌及其它肠道菌群对大熊猫食性转换期高纤维素性食物的适应性机制研究

项目编号： No.31272620

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 彭广能

作者单位： 四川农业大学

项目金额： 81万元

中文摘要： 大熊猫是我国特有的珍稀物种，以竹类为主要食物。作为食肉目中的素食者，其消化高纤维素性食物经历了一个漫长的进化过程。但已有研究表明，大熊猫基因组中并没有编码消化纤维素的酶类基因，而成年大熊猫肠道菌群中的梭菌对消化纤维素与半纤维素发挥了重要作用。食性转换期是亚成体大熊猫由高蛋白食物向以竹类为主食的转化过程，是大熊猫一生中适应高纤维素食物的最关键生长期。因此本项目拟采用肠道细菌宏基因组学及高通量测序技术，对这一时期的肠道梭菌及其它菌群的构成与多样性进行全面解析，以期揭示大熊猫对高纤维素性食物的适应性调控机制，深入认识大熊猫肠道菌群与宿主的功能性适应关系。研究成果将为提高大熊猫对竹类食物的消化利用率以及大熊猫的种群繁衍、保护和野外放归工程提供重要基础资料。

中文关键词： 大熊猫；肠道菌群；GH基因；芽孢杆菌；

英文摘要： The giant panda is a great precious animal only in our country, and its main food is bamboo. As vegetarian of carnivore, whose digesting high-fiber food, experienced a long evolution process. But here is no evidence can prove that the giant panda has the encoded enzyme gene of digesting cellulose in itself. Instead, it has been discovered that the Clostridium of adult giant panda's intestinal flora plays an important role in digesting cellulose and hemi-cellulose. The diet transition is a very important period that the main diet of sub-adult panda is from high protein to high cellulose, and the key growing period to adapting high cellulose diet. This project intends to use the metagenomics and high-throughput sequencing technology to comprehensive analysis the structure and diversity of intestinal Clostridium and other flora, in order to reveal the adaptive regulatory mechanism of giant panda on high-fiber food, understand the functional adaptable relationship between giant panda's intestinal flora and their host. The research results will provide important basic data for improving the digestion and utilization on bamboo food, and the reproduction, protection and reintroduction projects of the giant panda.

英文关键词： The giant panda；Intestinal microbiome；GH genes；Bacillus；