项目名称: 超声/磁场耦合作用下砷酸钠结晶热力学及动力学研究
项目编号: No.51266011
项目类型: 地区科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 能源与动力工程
项目作者: 曾桂生
作者单位: 南昌航空大学
项目金额: 65万元
中文摘要: 我国锑资源拥有量为世界第一,易溶性砷酸钠是锑冶炼工艺中最严重污染物。现有常规砷酸钠冷却结晶工艺有诸多关键工程热物理问题尚未解决,如砷酸钠介稳区等重要结晶热力学数据缺乏、晶体析出及结晶动力学机制不清楚,导致结晶过程及参数难以控制、砷酸钠无法高效分离。因此开展较为系统的砷酸钠结晶过程热力学研究,从本质上认识结晶动力学机制,将为砷酸钠高效分离开辟新途径。本项目提出超声/磁场耦合技术诱导结晶分离砷酸钠。为此,采用冷激光测量砷酸钠溶液结晶过程重要热力学参数,建立砷酸钠的固液平衡相图;开展超声/磁场耦合作用下砷酸钠结晶动力学研究,揭示砷酸钠晶体生长、尺寸、晶体在结晶液中的分布等特殊规律;构建超声/磁场耦合作用下结晶分离的实验原理性装置,对维持砷酸钠分离结晶生长过程的条件进行控制。上述研究能为诱导砷酸钠高效分离提供有力的基础数据、热力学依据和有效的技术方法,从而实现砷碱渣的综合利用,减少环境污染。
中文关键词: 砷酸钠;耦合作用;结晶;热力学;动力学
英文摘要: Antimony storage of china is the first in the world. Sodium arsenate, easily soluble, is one of main substances from arsenic alkali residue, which will cause serious environmental pollution. There still exist many key engineering thermophysics problems during separation of sodium arsenate from mixture salts in crystallization by cooling, such as the absence of some important crystallization thermodynamics data for example metastable zone width, and indistinct mechanism of crystallization kinetics, as a result, it is difficult to control the crystallization processes and parameters and difficult to separate sodium arsenate from mixture salts. It is essential to research crystallization thermodynamics and kinetics of sodium arsenate, which will supply new approach to separate sodium arsenate. A novel technique is put forward in this project to separate sodium arsenate and other dissoluble sodium salts from arsenic alkali residue by coupling interaction of magnetic field and ultrasonics. The base crystallization thermodynamics of sodium arsenate will be determined using cool laser under coupling interaction of magnetic field and ultrasonics, and solid-liquid equilibrium phase diagram will be established. Crystallization thermodynamics of sodium arsenate by coupling interaction of magnetic field and ultrasonics will
英文关键词: sodium arsenate;coupling interaction;crystallization;theromodynamicas;kinetics