粘性泥石流固-液两相相互作用试验研究

项目名称： 粘性泥石流固-液两相相互作用试验研究

项目编号： No.41201011

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 杨红娟

作者单位： 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 泥石流动力学模型是计算泥石流防治工程设计和危险性分区所需流速、流量、冲击力等动力学参量的基本手段，而泥石流中固相和液相的复杂相互作用使得模型中的一些关键参数难以确定。针对这一问题，本项目将利用中国科学院东川泥石流观测研究站的观测和实验条件，开展粘性泥石流固-液两相相互作用试验研究。具体内容包括：在观测站开展粘性泥石流流槽试验，并在蒋家沟冲沟滑脚坡沟开展现场模拟试验，进行正应力和孔隙水压力观测，反算泥石流固、液两相分界粒径，确定分界粒径的计算方法；配制液相和固相材料，在观测站开展休止角试验和流变试验，研究液相作用下固相内摩擦角的变化规律和固相作用下液相宏观流变参数的变化规律，得到二者的数学表达式；在上述研究基础上改进现有的粘性泥石流两相流模型，利用蒋家沟的观测资料进行模型验证。通过该项研究，将提高粘性泥石流两相流模型的模拟精度，为泥石流防灾减灾提供更为可靠的动力学支持。

中文关键词： 泥石流；分界粒径；流变参数；模型模拟；

英文摘要： Dynamic properties such as velocity, discharge, and impact force are required in debris flow control engineering design and debris flow risk zoning. Dynamic models of debris flow are fundamental approaches to estimate these properties. However, some key parameters are difficult to determine in these models because of the complicated interaction between solid and fluid phases in debris flow. Therefore, in this project instruments and equipments in the Dongchuan Debris Flow Observation and Research Station (DDFORS), Chinese Academy of Sciences will be used to conduct experimental studies on the interaction mechanism between solid and fluid phases in viscous debris flow. The following contents are included in the study: Firstly, flume experiments and locale simulation experiments are performed at DDFORS and Huajiaopo Gully-a tributary of Jiangjia Gully, respectively. Normal stress and pore fluid pressure are measured in these experiments. Thus a method to determine the critical particle size of viscous debris flow can be proposed with these data. Secondly, fluid phase samples and solid phase samples are prepared for soil mechanics experiments to obtain internal friction angle of the solid phase. Then how the internal friction angle is affected by the fluid phase will be studied. Meanwhile, rheological tests are per

英文关键词： debris flow；critical particle size；rheological parameter；model simulation；