光电化学-反电渗析联用制氢系统及氧化亚铜-硫化钼/石墨烯-二氧化钛高效多层光电极的开发与应用

项目名称： 光电化学-反电渗析联用制氢系统及氧化亚铜-硫化钼/石墨烯-二氧化钛高效多层光电极的开发与应用

项目编号： No.21506158

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 彭文朝

作者单位： 天津大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 光电化学电解池（PEC）产氢可以将太阳能转化为电能来制备氢气，在解决能源问题方面有很大的潜力。本项目拟设计PEC与反电渗析电池（REC）联合产氢系统（P-REC），利用REC将盐差能转化为电能并作为PEC的偏压，用于克服PEC产氢过程中的电极过电位，并促使光电子定向移动，促进空穴-电子的分离，提高太阳能的利用效率。PEC与REC产生的电压互补，可以减少REC的交换膜对数，减小系统内阻、设备成本和盐差能损失。该项目还将制备高效光电极用于P-REC中作为光阴极，电极主体为催化性能高的可见光敏感的氧化亚铜（Cu2O），夹层助催化剂为硫化钼与石墨烯的复合物，其良好的电学性能可以促进光电子与空穴的分离，提高主体催化剂的活性，外层保护层为二氧化钛（TiO2），不仅可以增加其抗光腐蚀性，还可以与Cu2O形成p-n结，进一步提高光电极的光电催化活性。该项目的研究成果将为解决能源问题提供一个新的选择。

中文关键词： 光电催化；反电渗析；联用制氢；硫化钼；石墨烯

英文摘要： Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting has attracted great interest as an effective way of converting sunlight into chemical energy in the form of hydrogen, which is a clean alternative to fossil fuels. In this project, we will design a new hydrogen production system by coupling the PEC with a reversed electrodialysis cell (REC). In this new integrated system (P-REC), the REC can transform the salinity gradient energy into electricity, and provide a bias for the PEC. This bias can help increase the charge separation efficiency and overcome the overpotential associated with the hydrogen production. Furthermore, with the help of PEC, the REC stack can decrease its cell pairs for this application, which is beneficial for decrease its ohmic resistance, reducing cost and energy loss. To increase the efficiency of P-REC further, a new kind of photocathode with a muti-layer structure will be prepared. In this photocathode, the cuprous oxide (Cu2O) was prepared by electro-deposited method on fluorine doped tin oxide glass (FTO) glass and was used as the main body. The out-layer of the photocathode is titanium dioxide (TiO2), which will be used a protective layer to increase its anti photo-corrosion property. The addition of TiO2 layer can also form a p-n junction structure with Cu2O to increase its activity further. The Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and graphene (GR) hybrid was synthesized and used as the inner layer cocatalyst for the further modification of the photocathode. GR here was used as electron transfer highway due to its excellent electron conductivity, and MoS2 was served as electron collectors. The presence of them is beneficial for the interfacial electron transfer and thus enhance the separation of the photo-generated electron-hole pairs. Thus, this unique type of integrated system with this new kind of effective photocathode has significant potential to produce pure H2 gas without any consumption of electrical grid energy, and provide a new choice for solving the energy problem.

英文关键词： Photoelectrochemical ;Reversed-electrodialysis;Hydrogen generation;Molybdenum disulfide;Graphene