高原（寒）逆境草地植物叶表皮蜡质的适应性进化研究

项目名称： 高原（寒）逆境草地植物叶表皮蜡质的适应性进化研究

项目编号： No.31270450

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 郭彦军

作者单位： 西南大学

项目金额： 84万元

中文摘要： 本课题以植物叶表皮蜡质为研究对象，在前期研究基础上，针对青藏高原草地植物在形态、生理和功能上对非生物逆境胁迫的生态适应性，在青藏高原三个纬度带（青海海北地区和果洛地区、西藏那曲地区），按海拔梯度分别设置采样区，并以低海拔地区(重庆北碚)同属植物为参照，采用扫描和透射式电镜技术、气相色谱-质谱技术、分子生物学以及种群生态学等研究手段，分析1）青藏高原逆境胁迫下草地植物叶表皮蜡质晶体结构与组分特征；2）环境因子与植物叶表皮蜡质特征及蜡质合成酶基因转录水平之间的关系，3）高海拔地区与低海拔地区同属植物叶表皮蜡质特征及蜡质合成酶基因转录水平。通过上述3个方面研究，在植物微形态适应层面上阐明高原草地植物叶表皮蜡质对逆境胁迫的响应机制，揭示植物叶表皮蜡质多样性与植物分布特征之间的关系，在大尺度上探讨青藏高原气候变化下植物叶表皮蜡质的进化意义，为全球气候变化下植物对环境的响应和适应机制研究提供有益资料。

中文关键词： 高寒草甸；适应性；表皮蜡质；进化；变异性

英文摘要： Leaf cuticular waxes cover the outmost of plant surface and play important roles during plant growth and development. In our previous researches, we established the analyzing methods of crystal structure and chemical composition of leaf cuticular wax; analyzed the responses of leaf cuticular wax of Medicag sativa to soil water deficit, enhancing ultraviolet radiation, low air humidity, and high temperature. In the current project, the leaf cuticular waxes of alpine grassland plants from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau which were ecologically adapted to abiotic stresses in plant morphology, physiology and function, were studied. Three sampling plots will be selected according to their latitude and longitude, including Haibei and Guoluo regions of Qinghai Province, Naqu region of Tibet Autonomous Region. Three sub-plots in each sampling plot will be further selected according to altitudes, including 2000-3000m, 3000-4000m, and >4000m. Plants from same genus distributed both at Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and low altitude region (Chongqing) will be selected as control. Using the technologies of scanning and transmission electron microscopy, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, molecular biology, and population ecology, the following three points will be analyzed, 1) the characteristics of leaf cuticular wax crystal structure

英文关键词： alpine meadow；adaptation；cuticular wax；evolution；variation