锥形阀芯附近空化泡力学作用效果研究

项目名称： 锥形阀芯附近空化泡力学作用效果研究

项目编号： No.51309221

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 李贝贝

作者单位： 中国矿业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 本项目对锥形阀芯附近空化泡溃灭微射流冲击力及冲击波对阀芯表面的力学作用进行理论和实验研究。基于Rayleigh-Plesset方程、固体边界延长因子以及空化泡与边界相互作用理论，建立多空化泡溃灭过程的无限大锥边界模型，提出虚平面边界假设，分析不同锥度锥形阀芯附近空化泡溃灭的冲击波、微射流等行为。基于冲击波的传播理论和几何光学原理，建立用以测量冲击波波速的非接触式多光束测试方案。实验和数值研究锥形阀芯附近空化泡的动力学行为，分析阀芯锥度变化对空化泡溃灭过程的影响，得到微射流和冲击波在其边界上产生的瞬时压强，实现对空化泡的力学作用强度及其对流道内边界的空蚀危害程度的估算。本项目研究成果不仅对降低或避免液压元器件空蚀、延长其使用寿命、提高液压系统可靠性，且对空泡和空化空蚀理论的发展和完善都具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。

中文关键词： 空泡；液体射流；锥阀；冲击波；空化流

英文摘要： The liquid jet impact and shock wave of cavitation bubble near the tapered spool were investigated by the theory and experiment methods.The virtual plane boundary model and non-plane boundary model were proposed through the Rayleigh-plesset equation, elongation factor of the rigid boundary and the nubble-boundary interactionn theory. The behavior of the shock wave and liquid jet near the different taper cone spool were analysed. The multi-beam test system of the velocity of the shock waves was established based on the shock wave propagation theory and geometrical optics. The effects of the taper cone of spool on the cavitation were studies by the experiment and numerical calculation, and the instantaneous pressure generated on the surface of the material by liquid jet and shock waves were also obtained. So, the degree of harm on the boundary and the mechanics intensity of the cavitation bubble can be estimated. The result of this research is not only to reduce or avoid cavitation corrosion of the hydraulic components, extending its life and improve the reliability of the hydraulic system, and have important theoretical significance and practical value for the development and improvement of cavitation bubble and cavitation erosion theory.

英文关键词： cavitation；liquid-jet；throttle valve；shockwave；cavitation flow