生物质的添加对煤气化过程中煤灰熔点特性调控的研究

项目名称： 生物质的添加对煤气化过程中煤灰熔点特性调控的研究

项目编号： No.21206104

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 化学工程及工业化学

项目作者： 秦育红

作者单位： 太原理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 通过添加生物质达到对煤灰熔点性质的调控是提高煤气化效率，降低灰处理量的有效手段。本项目主要围绕添加生物质后，煤灰中低共熔混合物的形成过程及生物质中碱金属对煤灰形成途径的影响进行研究。在局部的氧化/还原反应气氛下将样品加热到近灰熔点温度或灰熔点温度，利用热台显微镜结合原位X射线粉末衍射仪，观测和分析样品低共熔混合物尤其是共熔晶体的形貌、晶体形态和结构的改变。利用浮沉分离实验制备含不同矿物组分的煤样与生物质进行共气化研究，考察矿物质之间由于固固扩散所引起的低共熔混合物的形成过程及规律。在实验数据的基础上，结合多相多组分的热力学平衡计算方法构建高温煤灰组分中主要组分的三元相图，得出煤灰中主要无机氧化物之间的物相变化、组分与灰特性的关系，分析并预测煤灰熔点特性的变化规律，为煤气化过程中助熔剂的选择提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 生物质；煤；灰熔融特性；碱金属；生物质灰

英文摘要： The adjustment of coal ash fusion characteristics by addition of biomass into coal gasification process is the effective means for increasing coal gasification efficiency and decreasing ash disposal. The objective of this research is to elucidate the formation process of eutectic mixture and the effect of biomass alkali mental on coal ash formation path. The morphology of eutectic crystals, crystalline morphology and the changes of crystal structure will be observed and analyzed using hot stage microscope and X-ray powder diffractometer. Laboratory float/sink analysis will be conducted to produce different density samples with different mineral concentrate which will be co-gasified with biomass in order to investigate the formation rule of eutectic mixture caused by solid-solid diffusion. The ternary phase diagram of coal ash main components was built through thermodynamic calculation of multiphase and multi components. The phase transitions of main inorganic oxides, the relation between components with ash characteristic will be generated. The variation of ash fusion characteristics will be analyzed and predicted. The conclusions will provide the theoretical basis for the choice of flux during coal gasification.

英文关键词： Biomass；Coal；Ash fusion characteristic；Alkali metal；Biomass ash