地表下无线传感网自适应中长波天线及磁通信技术研究

项目名称： 地表下无线传感网自适应中长波天线及磁通信技术研究

项目编号： No.61273071

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 徐金梧

作者单位： 北京科技大学

项目金额： 81万元

中文摘要： 无线地下传感器网络可对地层参数、地下设施及管线等实施监测，是物联网的重要组成。然而随着频率的升高，地层中电磁波的衰减将急剧增加。现有无线传感器网络多工作于高频波段，在地层中电波传播路径损耗大，通信距离短，实用性较低。本课题拟针对五种典型地表下区域展开无线信道特征研究，在此基础上研发无线传感器网络低损耗中长波电小天线，同时考虑地层参数的时变性及地表面横波成分，提出自适应天线调整策略。针对长距离地下管线，研究地下管线寄生大尺寸天线，用于地层中远距离通信。针对含水量较高的高损耗地层，研究无线地下传感器网络磁感应通信技术，提出中继线圈的共面摆放策略，设计并引入自动半双工有源磁感应中继线圈，以有效延长磁信号传播距离。本课题的成果将为地下物联网的发展奠定理论及技术基础，并推广到水下物联网的应用中，具有重大的理论及实用价值。

中文关键词： 透地通信；甚低频；智能管线；非高斯噪声；地下定位

英文摘要： Wireless underground sensor network is one of the most important parts of internet of things, which can be used to monitor the formation parameters, equipments and pipe lines underground, and so on. However, with the rising of the frequency, the attenuation increases significantly. Current wireless sensor network working at high radio frequencies can not do well in underground environments. Channel characteristics of five typical underground districts will be researched, and an electrically small antenna will be developed for low-loss medium-long electromagneitc waves. An adaptive antenna adjusting strategy will be presented considering the time variation of formation parameters and the lateral parts of electro-magnetic waves. The parasitic large scale antenna will be developed for long distance communication based on underground pipe lines. In high-loss underground environments, the magnetic induction communication systems will be researched with coplanar relay coils, and a set of auto-switched half-duplex active relay coils will also be putforward to extend the distance of magnetic induction communications. The research achievements are very valuable to the inernet of things underground and can be applied in underwater internet of things as well.

英文关键词： through the earth communication；very low frequency；intelligent pipeline；non-Gaussian noise；underground personnel positioning