微波下纤维素催化转化的原位红外研究

项目名称： 微波下纤维素催化转化的原位红外研究

项目编号： No.21466021

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 乐治平

作者单位： 南昌大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 通过生物质转化有望解决石油能源短缺和环境污染两大世界难题。已有生物质微波裂解的报道，但均没能从原子、分子水平上探索该反应的本质。已有研究结果表明，纤维素在适当条件下可生成重要的平台化合物5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）,HMF是制备下游生物质燃料和化学品的重要中间体。故此，我们拟以纤维素裂解为探针反应，探索在微波与催化剂协同作用下，经由如HMF等中间化合物制备汽油、柴油高品质液体燃料途径。本课题设计并组装微波原位红外反应池，原位探测催化剂活性中心、催化剂表面吸附态结构、反应中间物种及结构等信息，并结合矢量网络分析仪、XPS等表征手段，从微观角度详细研究纤维素微波催化裂解的反应机理，重点阐述结构-介电耗散-性能之间的关系，特别是微波与催化剂之间的协同效应，为实现生物质选择性转化提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 催化剂；反应机理；生物质转化；绿色化学

英文摘要： Diminishing petroleum reserves and growing concerns about global climate change necessitate the development of fuel production pathways based on renewable resources. The conversion of biomass to liquid fuel and chemicals is an effective way to solve energy crisis and to eliminate environment pollution. The research about the pyrolysis of biomass with microwave did not yet probe the reaction nature in the viewpoint of atom or molecule. The results of our prophase test showed that the main composition of liquid product of pyrolysis of biomass by catalysts with microwave is furfural (above 80%). In this project we design a pathway to get gasoline or diesel from cellulose via the intermediate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural with the synergistic effect of catalysts and microwave. We design and set up a new kind of in situ microwave reaction infrared spectrophotmeter cell. Using this in situ cell, active center and surface absorption specie of catalysts, reaction intermediate specie and structure will be investigated by in situ infrared spectroscopy. We shall systematically investigate the micro mechanism of cellulose for catalytic pyrolysis with microwave by means of in situ infrared spectroscopy, vector network analyzer and XPS. The project mainly study on the relationships among reactant molecular structure-dielectric-reaction properties, especially on the synergistic effect between microwave and catalysts in order to provide theoretical basis for molecular tailoring in the conversion of biomass. Using the optimal parameters of test for microwave reaction tube, position in stove, the size of raw, the feed rate, and the gas rate in project, we shall design and build a small movable microwave reactor to solve the problem of biomass centralized treatment.

英文关键词： catalyst;reaction mechanism;biomass conversion;green chemistry