面向优异MTO催化性能的纳米级磷酸硅铝分子筛绿色合成

项目名称： 面向优异MTO催化性能的纳米级磷酸硅铝分子筛绿色合成

项目编号： No.21476228

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 杨淼

作者单位： 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 从煤出发经由甲醇制取低碳烯烃是极为重要的非石油路线获取烯烃途径，其核心问题在于高效催化剂的研制。小孔磷酸硅铝分子筛SAPO-34能够实现甲醇的高效转化生产低碳烯烃，但它的催化寿命过短，目前只能用流化床技术实现其工业应用。本项目以分子筛的催化性能和绿色生产为导向，探索纳米磷酸硅铝分子筛的绿色合成新途径。从失活MTO催化剂和常规磷酸硅铝分子筛出发，经由球磨和酸、碱化学处理等对其进行组成与形貌重整和介、大孔通道构筑；随后在回收的合成母液、自配类缓冲溶液或其蒸汽相中等完成再次晶化，实现结构、组成与形貌同时可控的纳米级磷酸硅铝分子筛合成。此合成方法操作简单、易于放大，丰富可用模板剂种类同时大大降低其用量，节能环保。本研究不仅开发高效实用的分子筛催化剂，还将注重探究纳米分子筛的晶化机理、发展对分子筛普适的绿色合成新方法，为定向设计合成和改良分子筛型催化剂提供研究新思路，具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。

中文关键词： 磷酸硅铝分子筛；甲醇制烯烃；绿色合成；纳米；催化

英文摘要： Starting from coal instead of oil as the reactant, via methanol, to produce light olefins is a very important alternative technology to obtain olefins.Small-pore silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve SAPO-34 enables the methanol-to-olefins reaction to happen efficiently under mild condition. However, the lifetime is too short so that the fluidized bed technology has to be used to achieve its industrial application. This project is oriented towards improving the catalytic performance and environmentally benign synthesis of molecular sieves. New green pathway will be explored to synthesize nano silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves. Firstly, deactivated MTO catalysts and conventional silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves will be treated by milling and chemial treatments, such as acid or base leaching, to form precursors, where the composition and morphology will be modified, and the mesoporous and macroporous channels will be introduced. After that, the precursors will be recrystallized in a recycled mother liquid, a self-made buffer-like solution or their steaming etc., and nano silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves will be obtained under the control of the structure, composition and morphology. The method features in easy manipulation and scale up. A wide variety of templates may be used, and the amount is much reduced. It is energy saving and environmental friendly. The research work will not only bring new opportunities to discover efficient and practical molecular-sieve catalysts, but also be focused on understanding the crystallization mechanism and developing green synthetic strategy for nano molecular sieves. New ideas for rational design, synthesis and improvement of zeolite-type catalysts will be provided in this proposal. It has great scientific significance and practical value.

英文关键词： silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve;methanol to olefins;environmentally benign synthesis;nano;catalysis