基于耦合效应的纳米复合材料与典型污染物相互作用研究

项目名称： 基于耦合效应的纳米复合材料与典型污染物相互作用研究

项目编号： No.21277043

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境科学、安全科学

项目作者： 苑春刚

作者单位： 华北电力大学（保定）

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 烟气和大气中气态元素汞污染控制与检测是目前环境科学与工程领域的难点，对其进行控制的本质是将易逃逸的气态元素汞形态转化为不易逃逸或被锁定的汞形态，研究的关键是发展吸附容量大、特异性强、可回收、能再生的新型吸附材料。纳米硒和纳米银对汞表现出强大特异性吸附的纳米效应刚刚被认识，而纳米复合材料的耦合效应又可进一步增强其本征性能。因此，制备基于纳米耦合效应的汞亲和元素纳米复合材料，并深入研究不同形态汞在其表面的作用过程，对发现新的汞污染控制原理和方法具有非常重要的理论意义。本课题拟针对纳米硒、纳米银和纳米钯为分散对象，以碳纳米管和石墨烯为分散骨架，制备系列磁性修饰多功能纳米复合材料，深入研究不同物相、不同形态汞（Hg0和Hg2+）在材料表面的多相作用过程，探讨纳米耦合效应下复合材料对不同形态汞的吸附机制，为发展烟气、大气、水中汞污染控制和样品前处理新方法、揭示新机理提供参考和依据

中文关键词： 耦合效应；纳米材料；形态；汞；

英文摘要： It is a hard task to detect and capture the elemental mercury in flue gas or atmosphere. Mercury is mainly present in three chemical forms or species in flue gas or atmosphere including elemental mercury (Hg0), oxidized mercury (Hg2+) and particulate-bound mercury (Hgp). The essence of mercury control is to transform elemental mercury (Hg0) into soluble (Hg2+) or bound forms (Hgp) in various phases. The key point for mercury control is to discover or synthsize new adsorbents for various mercury species with high capacity and good selectivity. Nanoselenium and nanosilver were reported to have huge adsorption capacity for mercury. Based on this, the coupling effects between different nanomaterials can also greatly enhanced the adsorption capacity of nanocomposites. The recognization of nano effects and coupling effects will be very helpful for us to develop some new methods and techniques for mercury control. So, it is very significant to synthesize new nanomaterials or nanocomposites and to study the interaction process between the nanocomposites and the various mercury species. In this proposal, nanoselenium, nanosilver, nanopalladium will be synthesized onto the surface of magnetic carbon nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes and graphene. Based on the synthesis of the nanocomposites, the coupling effect

英文关键词： Coupling effect；Nanocomposites；Species；Mercury；