共表达AlnA和BphC转基因苜蓿联合降解菌修复PCBs污染土壤的效能及根际微生态响应机制

项目名称： 共表达AlnA和BphC转基因苜蓿联合降解菌修复PCBs污染土壤的效能及根际微生态响应机制

项目编号： No.41471252

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 任何军

作者单位： 吉林大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 本项目基于PCBs污染土壤生物修复受限于PCBs生物可利用性差、修复效果低下的问题，拟构建可持续向根际分泌生物表面活性剂（乳化蛋白-AlnA）的转基因苜蓿植株，联合PCBs降解菌（Pseudomonas sp DN2)进行污染土壤的根际修复研究。考察环境因素对AlnA分泌的影响；明确DN2与转基因苜蓿间的互作及共生关系；分析修复过程中根际土壤内DN2和AlnA的空间分布与数量变化特征；解析根际土壤理化性质与土壤酶活性改变历程；揭示根际区系中微生物量周转及群落结构演替规律；最终阐明转基因苜蓿联合降解菌修复PCBs污染土壤的效能及根际微生态响应机制。本研究能获得新型PCBs修复植物，有望实现表面活性剂-PCBs-降解菌-植物之间的有效耦合，达到提升PCBs污染土壤生物修复效能的目的。具有积极的理论意义和实用价值，并可为评估转基因植物用于土壤有机污染修复的生态安全性提供科学依据和借鉴。

中文关键词： 多氯联苯；生物有效性；根际修复；转基因植物；微生态响应

英文摘要： Bioremediation of PCBs contaminated soil are limited by poor bioavailability of PCBs and low remediation effect. This project plans to construct transgenic alfalfa plants that can sustainable secrete biosurfactant (emulsification protein - AlnA) to the rhizosphere, and combination use this plant with PCBs degradation bacteria (Pseudomonas sp DN2) for the rhizoremediation of PCBs contaminated soil to solve the above mentioned problem. Study the effect of environmental factors on the AlnA secretion; explore the interactions and symbiotic relationship between DN2 and the transgenic alfalfa; characterize the spatial distribution and quantity change features of DN2 and AlnA in the rhizosphere; parse the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil and activity change process of soil enzyme; reveal the microbial biomass turnover and community structure succession law in Rhizosphere. The final purpose of this study is to clarify the remediation effectiveness of PCBs contaminated soil and response mechanism of rhizosphere microecology by combining transgenic alfalfa and degradation bacteria. This study could not only get new PCBs repair plant, but also expect to realize the effective coupling between biosurfactant - PCBs - degrading bacteria and plants, which achieve the goal of enhancing bioremediation efficiency of the PCBs-contaminated soil. The study has a significant theoretical and practical value, and would provide scientific basis and reference for ecological safety for the assessment of the use of transgenic plants for soil organic pollution remediation.

英文关键词： PCBs;Bioavailability;Rhizoremediation;Transgenic plants;Microecological response