百日咳鲍特氏菌基因组多态性与微进化的研究

项目名称： 百日咳鲍特氏菌基因组多态性与微进化的研究

项目编号： No.81201249

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 医学四处

项目作者： 徐颖华

作者单位： 中国食品药品检定研究院

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 百日咳是由百日咳鲍特氏菌(简称百日咳杆菌)引起的一种婴幼儿急性呼吸道传染病。尽管我国自上世纪90年代以来百日咳疫苗接种覆盖率一直维持在较高水平，但每年仍有不少百日咳病例的报道，局部地区甚至出现爆发流行，给人民健康造成严重威胁。目前，国内对百日咳杆菌的分子特征研究较少，为了加强我国传染病防控和病原溯源的能力，亟需了解我国百日咳流行菌株的基因组变异特点和分子流行趋势。本研究拟通过对中国百日咳主要流行菌株的全基因组序列测定和比较基因组学分析，从全基因组水平探讨我国百日咳分离菌株基因组SNP多态性，结合两种国际通用DNA分型方法对过去六十多年不同时期分离菌株的基因组多态性进行分析，建立中国百日咳杆菌基因组多态性数据库，阐明我国百日咳杆菌主要流行菌株的微进化特征，并以此探讨致病菌基因组进化与毒力的关系，从而为我国百日咳分子流行病监测、致病菌的溯源和新疫苗研制等工作奠定基础。

中文关键词： 百日咳鲍特氏菌；传染病；基因组多态性；微进化；病原溯源

英文摘要： Pertussis (whooping cough) is an infantile acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. In China, pertussis still remains endemic and local outbreaks were reported despite the high vaccination coverage since 1990s. Little is known for molecular characterization of Chinese B. pertussis isolates. In order to strengthen the infectious disease prevention and control and ability of pathogen traceability, we should understand genomic variation and epidemic trend of B. pertussis isolates in China. In this study, a Chinese B. pertussis major circulating isolate will be performed for whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis will be done. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the whole-genome level are investigated. Furthermore, genomic polymorphisms of B.pertussis isolates from different periods in the past sixty years are also analyzed using two international universal DNA-based typing methods. Database of genomic polymorphisms of Chinese B. pertussis circulating isolates will be established. Insight into microevolution mechanism of major epidemic strains in China. Based the above results, we will investigate the relationship between toxicity and microevolution of pathogenic bacterial genome. These data will facilitate us molecular monitoring of pertussis, traci

英文关键词： Bordetella pertussis；infectious disease；genomic polymorphism；microevolution；pathogen traceability