基于汶川地震震害调研的典型公路桥梁地震易损性研究

项目名称： 基于汶川地震震害调研的典型公路桥梁地震易损性研究

项目编号： No.51308125

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 陈力波

作者单位： 福州大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 桥梁地震易损性模型作为交通系统地震风险评估中的关键环节，对于桥梁抗震加固修复决策及震后紧急响应评估具有重要指导意义。鉴于既有桥梁地震易损性研究不足，采用经验统计和数值模拟相结合的方法，建立更加完善和精确的典型公路桥梁地震易损性模型：通过大量的汶川地震桥梁震害调研资料分析，建立典型公路桥梁分类准则，基于实测地震数据和地震动衰减模型提出地震动强度混合预测方法，采用贝叶斯统计方法建立典型公路桥梁经验型地震易损性模型；建立考虑边界效应及瞬态动力效应的典型桥梁样本基准有限元模型，评估界定多重破坏模式下构件极限状态及其概率特征，应用多维概率性地震需求分析方法，建立典型公路桥梁分析型地震易损性模型；开展桥梁参数敏感性分析，提出基于修正系数的典型公路桥梁易损性简化计算方法。研究成果将进一步揭示桥梁动力学行为和地震响应机理，提升典型公路桥梁易损性分析的精度和效率，为后续桥梁抗震评估及加固决策提供参考和依据。

中文关键词： 典型公路桥梁；地震易损性；简化计算方法；响应面方法；近断层地震动

英文摘要： As one of the critical steps in assessing seismic risk of transportation system, developing seismic bridge vulnerability model is very important for making up bridge seismic retrofit strategy and post-earthquake emergency response. In view of the disadvantages existing in current researches for dealing with bridge seismic vulnerability, it is known that a better seismic vulnerability model for typical highway bridges is the approach in which empirical statistics and numerical calculation are combined together. Based on the damaged bridge data collected from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, a classification criterion for highway bridges is recommended. A mixed ground motion intensity prediction method is proposed based on the observed ground motion date and existing attenuation model, and then the empirical seismic vulnerability models for typical highway bridges are developed by using Bayesian statistical method. The baseline finite element models for typical bridge samples are built in which boundary and transient dynamic effects are considered. The components limit states and theirs probability characteristics for considering multiple failure modes are assessed and defined. Based on the multi-dimensional probabilistic seismic demand analysis, analytical seismic vulnerability models for typical highway bridges a

英文关键词： typical highway brides；seismic vulnerability；simplified calculation method；response surface method；near-fault ground motion