项目名称: 基于社会认知理论的社区COPD患者自我管理模式构建及效果评价研究
项目编号: No.71503088
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2016
项目学科: 管理科学
项目作者: 李节
作者单位: 华中科技大学
项目金额: 17万元
中文摘要: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种常见的慢性呼吸系统疾病。我国COPD患病率、死亡率高,给家庭社会造成极大的负担。良好的自我管理是COPD控制成功的关键。目前国内外社区COPD患者自我管理模式混乱,效果尚未确定。本项目以社会认知理论为理论基础,采用现场调研和深入访谈的方法分析我国社区COPD患者自我管理模式的现状和影响因素,并评价其效果;采用实验研究的方法构建一套以专业性支持和社会性支持为主的自我管理模式:基于跨理论模型解析患者行为变化过程,识别患者行为变化阶段,实施个体化,以认知行为干预为策略的专业性支持;基于社会系统理论构建社会性支持模式;比较并评价社区COPD患者自我管理模式的效果。本项目研究成果将构建一套社区COPD患者自我管理模式,为改善患者生活质量,延缓疾病加重,减少有限医疗资源使用,以及制定慢性病防控策略和加大社区资源投入力度提供决策依据,具有重要的理论理价值和现实意义。
中文关键词: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病;社区患者;自我管理模式;认知行为干预;跨理论模型
英文摘要: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common chronic disease of respiratory system. The high prevalence and mortality of COPD in China is the great burden for family and society. The high quality level of self-management plays an important role in health promotion among COPD patients. However, self-management among COPD patients is confused and obscure, as well as undefined effectiveness. Based on Social Cognitive Theory, this research aims to describe the current self-management pattern among COPD patients in community; analysis the process of change of patients based on Trans-Theory Model; and implements professional-directed support with cognitive behavior therapy; build patient-related support based on Society System Theory; and evaluate the effectiveness of self-management pattern among COPD patients. The comprehensive self-management pattern among COPD patients in Chinese community will improve quality of life of patients, postpone future exacerbation, and decrease the limited health resources. These findings provide evidence for formulating chronic disease prevention strategy and increase resource in community, which have a great value in theoretical development and practical significance.
英文关键词: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease;Patient in Community;Self-management Pattern;Cognitive Behavior Therapy;Trans-theoretical Model