项目名称: 用于细菌趋化性定量检测和筛选的液滴微流控平台及其应用
项目编号: No.21205134
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 分析化学
项目作者: 杜文斌
作者单位: 中国科学院微生物研究所
项目金额: 27万元
中文摘要: 细菌的趋化性在细菌感染发病机理研究、生物膜形成、微生物污染物降解等方面具有重要研究价值。微流控芯片技术通过动态或者静态浓度梯度的生成和调控,可以实现微生物趋化性的研究。然而,现有方法在研究群体性趋化过程时,往往忽略了微生物个体的差异,无法实现对环境复杂微生物群落趋化的研究。本项目将融合微流控浓度梯度技术和液滴技术,建立集成化的平台,实现趋化细菌的收集、单细胞液滴间隔培养,和细菌对效应物吸收和分解能力的定量分析;利用建立的微流控平台,对恶臭假单胞菌的芳烃类化合物趋化性和降解作用进行研究,测试其对氯代硝基苯、苯甲酸、苯酚等化合物的趋化特征;筛选对这些污染物具有强降解能力的突变个体;实现细菌的定向进化。本项目提出的方法具有低消耗,自动化,高通量等优点,有望加快趋化细菌的发现和挖掘,为发现和开发对污染土壤治理有价值的微生物资源提供基础,此外对研究动物细胞,如白细胞,癌细胞等的趋化也具有指导意义。
中文关键词: 微流控;液滴技术;细菌趋化性;生物治理;
英文摘要: Bacterial chemotaxis plays a fundamental role in a broad range of processes, including disease pathogenesis, bio?lm formation and bioremediation. Recently, microfluidic approachs have been developed to generate steady or dynamic chemoeffector gradient for studying the mechanism and consequences of bacteira chemotaxis, in which aggregative behavior of bacteira chemotaxis can be recognized and evaluated. However, current technologies are not favorable for studying chemotaxis and bioremediation of individual bacteria. In addition, chemotaxis behavior of enviromental bacteria community with complex bacteria species can not been exploited. In this project, we will integrate continuous flow gradient method with droplet-based microfluidic technology for studying chemotaxis and bioremediation of aromatic hydrocarbons by soil microbes. First, we attempt to develop a new microfluidc system with two parts: a continuous co-flow gradient part to sepearte chemotatic soil bacteria, and a subsequent droplet generation part to isolate individual bacteria into nanoliter droplets for isolated cultivation and study of the bioremediation efficiency in the large scale. Second, we attempt to apply the system we developed to study chemotaxis and bioremediation potential of a specific soil bacteria, Pseudomonas putida, which is recogniz
英文关键词: Microfluidics;droplet;bacterial chemotaxis;bioremediation;