层间模板法制备三维中孔石墨烯基纳米复合材料及用于能量存储的研究

项目名称： 层间模板法制备三维中孔石墨烯基纳米复合材料及用于能量存储的研究

项目编号： No.51272155

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 魏良明

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 78万元

中文摘要： 制备石墨烯基纳米复合材料的通用策略是经过氧化剥离，得到单层或几层结构石墨烯，然后与其他物质进行复合。这种方法易致石墨烯结构和性能严重破坏。本项目研究在导电的弱氧化石墨层间嵌入表面活性剂作为分子模板,以层间水和金属化合物为反应物，直接在石墨层间自组装构成中孔金属或金属氧化物纳米结构,并把这种多孔纳米复合材料应用于锂离子电池和超级电容器。这种层间模板法不需要对氧化石墨进行剥离，可直接使用具有良好导电性的弱氧化石墨块体材料制备，从而减少了对石墨烯结构和导电性能的破坏，并能保持石墨烯宏观体结构的有序；另外，层间模板法可利用石墨层间的纳米限域空间，控制层间纳米粒子尺度，实现纳米粒子与石墨烯的紧密接触，有利于电荷在它们之间快速迁移和能量的快速存储和释放。本项目希望通过层间模板法这个独特的手段，获得一批性能优越的超级电容器和锂离子电极材料，同时深入认识石墨层间纳米组装结构的形成机制。

中文关键词： 石墨烯；纳米复合材料；层间模板；能量存储；石墨

英文摘要： The graphene-based nanocomposites are generally fabricated via oxidating and exfoliating the graphites to single or few-layer graphenes, and then combining the graphenes with other materials. However,this traditional method always leads to severe destruction of the structure and properties of the graphenes. Here, we put forward a gallery-templated method to fabricate the graphene-based nanocomposites, by using intercalated surfactants for the templated synthesis of mesoporous metal oxide nanostructure within the galleries of the graphites, and application of these nanocompositions for lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors. With this gallery-templated method, it is not necessary to exfoliate the oxidated graphites, and a weakly oxidated bulk graphites with good conductance could be used. Therefore it lessens the destruction of the graphenes, and might maintain the ordered structure of the graphites.In addition,the gallery-templated method could take advantage of the nano confined-space between the graphites to control the size of the nanoparticles growing within the galleries and achieve the intimate contact between graphenes and nanoparticles,which would benefit the fast transport of charges between graphenes and nanoparticles, and make a fast storage and release of energy posssible.This study aims to initia

英文关键词： graphene；nanocomposites；gallery templated；energy storage；graphite