项目名称: 登陆台风边界层高度的观测研究
项目编号: No.41305029
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 天文学、地球科学
项目作者: 廖菲
作者单位: 中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 边界层高度是边界层参数化方案中重要的参数,尤其对台风而言,其参数的不同取值将直接影响模式对台风强度、风场结构等的模拟结果;但由于台风边界层结构复杂及观测资料的缺乏,对台风边界层高度的观测研究及其演变特征的认识仍然十分欠缺。本项目利用广东沿海的多部风廓线雷达与移动观测系统,采用固定和移动式观测相结合的观测手段,获取登陆台风边界层的观测事实。通过开展风廓线雷达的数据质量控制方法研究,确保观测数据质量。在此基础上探讨基于风廓线雷达的台风边界层高度的判断与研究,考察登陆台风不同部位的边界层高度随时间的演变规律,研究台风边界层高度随半径的空间分布特征,深入理解登陆台风边界层高度随台风强度变化的响应过程。这是一个重要的科学问题,一方面通过这些观测研究可以推进对登陆台风边界层特征的认识;另一方面,观测研究的成果对于合理优化台风模式中的边界层参数化方案,进而提高台风强度的数值预报质量也有重要意义。
中文关键词: 台风;边界层高度;风廓线雷达;观测;
英文摘要: The boundary layer is an important part of a mature typhoon as it strongly constrains the wind distribution, momentum and heat flux, which determine typhoon intensity and interior structure. Many previous research results show that, simulation effects of typhoon intensity and wind distribution are great influenced by typhoon boundary layer (TBL) depth estimates, so accurate TBL depth estimates are important by parameterization in typhoon numerical models. Unfortunately, the structure of typhoon is too complicated and observations in TBL are relative few, which limits our understanding the TBL depth and its variation features. Wind profilers can work automatically under all-weather condition with high temporal and spacial resolution, which is superior to sounding especially in serve weather such as typhoon. So, based on several fixed wind profilers in Guangdong province and a mobile GPS sounding system, high-resolution observation of wind profile, temperature profile, signal-to-noise rate (SNR) profile, et al in landfall typhoon can be surelly got for the purpose of this study. Although wind profilers are proved to be usefully in convective boundary layer depth estimates, its application to TBL depth estimates is not convinced. In order to get useful wind profilers data in TBL, objective and reasonable quality co
英文关键词: Typhoon;Boundary-layer height;Wind profilers;Observation;