全新世以来三江平原沼泽湿地生态系统演化的泥炭孢粉记录

项目名称： 全新世以来三江平原沼泽湿地生态系统演化的泥炭孢粉记录

项目编号： No.41201083

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 张振卿

作者单位： 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 深入了解湿地生态系统长期演化过程是制定湿地保护和恢复策略的重要前提，同时也是地理学、生态学和过去全球变化研究的核心内容。针对目前对湿地生态系统演化的认识仅限于年际观测，而对长期演化过程认识不足的现状，本研究首先以三江平原现代天然湿地植物群落为对象进行系统的样方调查和表层沉积物孢粉分析，建立现代孢粉组合与植被关系数据库。在此基础上，选择3个典型植物群落采集泥炭柱芯，在AMS C-14、Pb-210、Cs-137等多种测年手段支持下构建各柱芯的年代学标尺，并对上述柱芯进行以1cm为分辨率的孢粉分析。把每个柱芯样品的孢粉数据与现代孢粉组合数据库进行降趋对应分析，获取每个柱芯样品所代表的植物群落类型，建立典型植被群落的演化序列。并以此探讨全新世以来湿地生态系统演化的过程、规律、现今生态系统所处的相位及今后演化趋势，为丰富湿地生态系统长期演化理论以及制定湿地保护和恢复策略提供的科学支持。

中文关键词： 三江平原；湿地演化；生态系统；孢粉；全新世

英文摘要： The wetland is an indispensable component of the globle ecosystems, not only for its large quantity of natural resources, but also for its unique ecological function and can never be replaced by others. Nowadays, the wetland ecosystems degrade more and more seriously, and it is urgent for us to be established to protect it. However, we know little about the long history of the wetland-ecosystem evolution, except the inter annual monitoring. The pollen preserved in peat deposition is an usefull tool to discover the evolution history of the wetland ecosystem. In this project, we plan to study pollen composition in different plant communities in Sanjiang Plain, China, which can construct a moder pollen database about pollen combination and its relations with the vegetation around, and it is usefull for the following study to constructe ecosystem evolution with fossil pollen in peat cores. Afer that, we will drill 3 cores in 3 typical plant communities in Sanjiang Plain. With the 3 cores, we use AMS C-14, Pb-210 and Cs-137 to construct age-scales. Then, palynological studies will be performed with 1 cm segments for each cores. With the help of Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) between the palynological record from the cores and the modern pollen data, evolution history of different plant communities can be co

英文关键词： Sanjiang Plain；Wetland evolution；Ecosystem；Pollen；Hollocene