中国 Rhizoctonia真菌资源及多样性研究

项目名称： 中国 Rhizoctonia真菌资源及多样性研究

项目编号： No.30870007

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 于金凤

作者单位： 山东农业大学

项目金额： 30万元

中文摘要： 本项目对我国主要作物（小麦、玉米、棉花、菠菜、马铃薯）及草坪的Rhizoctonia真菌类群进行了系统研究，明确了中国冬小麦主产区小麦纹枯病的优势致病群是双核丝核菌的AG-D群。中国黄淮海夏玉米主产区玉米纹枯病菌被划分为7个融合群。东北春玉米主产区玉米纹枯病菌被划分为8个融合群类群，但其优势致病群均为AG1-IA群。对中国北方棉花立枯病菌的融合群类群研究结果表明，引起棉花立枯病的优势致病群为立枯丝核菌的AG4HG-I群，其次是AG4HG-III群。引起马铃薯苗期枯死的主要病原物是立枯丝核菌的AG-3群。菠菜基腐病是近几年在山东泰安菠菜主产区发生比较普遍的一种病害，病原鉴定结果表明该病害是由立枯丝核菌的AG4HG-III群侵染所致。主要采集山东境内主要草坪丝核菌对其进行融合群的鉴定，结果表明，草坪丝核菌的类群组成比较复杂，多核丝核菌的WAG-Z群在草坪的丝核菌病害中占据较重要的地位。同时，利用5.8S rDNA-ITS、mt SSU和βubulin基因序列分析方法，对玉米纹枯病菌不同融合群菌株的系统演化关系进行了初步探讨。

中文关键词： 主要作物；丝核菌；融合群鉴定；5.8S rDNA-ITS区序列

英文摘要： In this study,systematic studies were carried out on Rhizoctonia about the ditribution and anastomosis group type of main crops and lawn in China.The results indicated that the major anastomosis group of wheat sharp eye-spot in China winter wheat region is binucleat Rhizoctonia AG-D. The pathogen of corn sheath blight in Huanghuai and Haihe Plain were belonged to multinucleate Rhizoctonia AG1-IA, AG1-IB, AG4-HG-I, AG-5 and WAG-Z and binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A and AG-Ba.The pathogen of corn sheath blight in northern China belonged to multinucleate Rhizoctonia AG1-IA, AG1-IB, AG1-IC, AG4-HG-I, AG4-HG-III, AG-5,WAG-Z and binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-Ba.of the both region,AG1-IA is the major group.The pathogen of cotton damping-off of the main cotton producing areas in Northern China belonged to multinucleate Rhizoctonia AG4-HG-I, AG4-HG-III, AG4-HG-I was the major anastomosis group(AG)（86.86% of total isolates).The pathogen of potato seedling blight is AG-3 group of Rhizoctonia solani.The disease of spinach base rot is an important disease in Taian of Shandong provience,the pathogen of this disease is AG4HG-III group.The type of trufgrass Rhizoctonia also is complexity ,So far,six group of Rhizoctonia are included,such as multinucleat Rhizoctonia WAG-Z、AG1-IA、AG4-HG-I and binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A、AG-P、AG-L.Of these, WAG-Z was the major anastomosis group.At the same time Phylogenetic analysis among isolates belonging to different AGs was studied based upon nuclear ITS, βubulin and mitochondrial SSU rDNA sequences.

英文关键词： main crops; Rhizoctonia; identifcation of anastomosis group; 5.8S rDNA-ITS sequence