乐高积木法制备二维纳米多孔金-钯复合材料及其性能研究

项目名称： 乐高积木法制备二维纳米多孔金-钯复合材料及其性能研究

项目编号： No.21473105

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 分析化学

项目作者： 夏海兵

作者单位： 山东大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 一种制备先进功能材料的合理方法就是把已有的纳米材料组合成分级、有序的结构，就像玩乐高积木一样。本项目提出以不同形貌和尺寸的金纳米晶为初级构筑单元，首先通过它们的界面组装制备单层金纳米晶超薄膜，然后再通过在气液界面的过度生长来制备具有不同的纽带直径和纽带表面结构的单层纳米多孔金超薄膜(二级构筑单元)；接着以此超薄膜为模板，制备具有不同纽带直径和不同表面结构的单层纳米多孔金-钯超薄膜(二级构筑单元)，并研究其纳米结构与其电催化性能的关系；然后以这些二级构筑单元为模块进行可控搭建制备二维纳米多孔金-钯复合材料，并研究其尺寸(厚度和层数)、载体、促进剂(金)和活性组分之间(钯)的相互作用和协同效应以及单层膜的组合结构效应等对其电催化性能的影响；最后实现具有高稳定性和高电催化活性的二维纳米多孔金-钯复合材料的可控制备和通过结构设计能调控其电催化性能，从而实现它们在电催化和能源等领域应用的目的。

中文关键词： 乐高积木法；二维；纳米多孔；金-钯；复合材料

英文摘要： Architecting nanomaterials into hierarchic and organized structures is a rational way to fabricate advanced functional materials, like playing Lego. In this project, firstly, it is proposed that gold nanocrystals of different shapes and sizes were used as primary building blocks to fabricate monolayer ultrathin films of gold nanocrystals via their interfacial assembly, and further to fabricate monolayer nanoporous gold ultrathin films (NPGUTFs) with different ligament sizes and different surface structures on the ligaments (as secondary building blocks) via overgrowth at air/liquid interfaces. Secondly, as-prepared NPGUTFs were used as templates to fabricate monolayer nanoporous gold-palladium (Au-Pd) ultrathin films (NPG-Pd UTFs) with different ligament sizes and different surface structures on the ligaments (as secondary building blocks). The electrocatalytic performances of as-prepared NPG-Pd UTFs were investigated to explore how their nanostructures affect them. Thirdly, these as-prepared secondary building blocks were used as modules to construct two-dimensional (2D), nanoporous Au-Pd electrocatalysts with control. Similarly, the electrocatalytic performances of 2D nanoporous Au-Pd composite materials were investigated to explore how their size (thickness and numbers of layers), interaction and synergistic effect of supporters, promoters (Au) and active constituent (Pd), and effect of composite constructions of monolayer ultrathin films of different types affect them. Lastly, controlled fabrication of 2D nanoporous Au-Pd composite materials with higher electrocatalytic activity and higher stability can be successively completed and their electrocatalytic performance can be adjusted by the structure design, thus achieving the purpose of their applications in the electrocatalysis and energy system.

英文关键词： Lego approach;Two-dimensional;Nanoporous;Au-Pd;Composite materials