木棉眉斑并脊天牛成虫的性选择机理

项目名称： 木棉眉斑并脊天牛成虫的性选择机理

项目编号： No.31260432

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 陆温

作者单位： 广西大学

项目金额： 48万元

中文摘要： 动物的性选择一直是生物学家关注的一个热点。但是,在绝大多数动物特别是昆虫中,有关性选择行为机制的实验证据仍十分缺乏,从而限制了性选择理论在实践中的应用。眉斑并脊天牛是华南地区木棉树的主要害虫,其幼虫隐蔽为害，防治非常困难。成虫是其唯一裸露活动的虫态,研究成虫的生殖行为问题，将更有机会发现新的防治途径。在我们前期工作的基础上,本项目将重点研究这种天牛成虫交配前后的性选择行为机制:测定在性选择中承受性选择压力的表型和生殖器特征;明确这些特征与繁殖适度的关系;确定雌性在两次交配后来自不同雄性精子的子代父权;解读精子优先权形成的机理。该项目的完成一方面将明确与性选择有关的量化特征，有助于通过大规模繁育具有被选择特征的雄性个体，经不育处理后应用于害虫的不育防治，开发害虫治理的新思路。另一方面，将解决与交配次序相关的精子优先权问题，为"安全岛"策略在害虫抗药性管理中的成功应用提供重要依据。

中文关键词： 眉斑并脊天牛；性选择；精子竞争；繁殖适度；木棉

英文摘要： Sexual selection in animals has been a hot topic in biology. However, experimental evidence for the mechanisms of sexual selection is still largely lacking in most animals, particularly insects, making the application of the sexual selection theory in practice difficult. The kapok longhorned borer, Glenea cantor, is a major pest of kapok trees in southern China, whose larvae damage the hosts internally, making its control very difficult. Because the adults of longhorned borers are the only free living stage in their life history, understanding their reproductive behaviour would help us develop novel pest control measures. On the basis of our previous work, we propose to investigate the mechanisms of both pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection in this species, with four objectives: to define morphometric traits that are subject to sexual selection; to solve the relationship between these traits and reproductive fitness; to determine sperm precedence in twice-mated females, and to explore the mechanisms of sperm precedence. The completion of this project has two significant implications in insect pest management. First, upon determination of sexually selected traits we can mass produce males with these traits and use them in sterile insect technology for pest management. Second, determination of sperm precedence

英文关键词： Glenea cantor；Sexual selection；Sperm competition；Reproductive fitness；Kapok