小麦条锈菌高致病性新菌系贵22-9、贵22-14毒性分析及快速检测

项目名称： 小麦条锈菌高致病性新菌系贵22-9、贵22-14毒性分析及快速检测

项目编号： No.31260414

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 贾秋珍

作者单位： 甘肃省农业科学院

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 小麦条锈病是小麦上最重要的病害。新毒性小种的产生并成为优势小种是造成历次品种抗锈性"丧失"并导致病害大流行的根本原因。监测新小种的出现，并进行流行趋势预测，对抗锈育种及条锈病的持续控制具有重要意义。贵农22是国内广泛应用并对CYR33以前各小种免疫的重要抗源材料。2010年首次监测到对贵农22感染的新菌系贵22-9、贵22-14，该菌系含有比CYR32、CYR33更宽的毒性谱和致病力，且出现频率上升迅速。因此，急需对感染贵农22的新菌系进行监测，并对其毒性进行研究。通过常规监测，明确新菌系消长动态和发展趋势；通过在鉴别寄主及已知基因系材料上的反应确定新菌系致病特性；通过致病性及寄生适合度测定，评价对小麦抗病基因的影响面，明确致病范围及繁殖能力；研发新菌系的特异性SCAR标记，建立快速检测体系。从而为贵22-9、贵22-14新菌系的超前预测及相应的抗锈育种乃至条锈病持续控制提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 小麦条锈菌；贵农22；贵22-9；贵22-14；流行预测

英文摘要： Wheat strip rust is the most important devastating disease in China. New higher virulent races are often predominant, and become into the basic reason for all previous resistant cultivars disability and epidemic diseases. Therefore monitoring of new races and forecasting of epidemical tendency have important significance for resistance breeding and sustainable control of wheat stripe rust. Guinong 22 is a widely-used Chinese important wheat resistance resource to each race earlier than CYR33. New strain Gui 22-9 and 22-14 infected to Guinong 22 were first monitored at 2010, and they have wider virulence spectra and pathogenicities with rapidly-increased occurrence frequencies. Hence their monitoring and virulent study are urgently needed. Their growth and decline dynamic and development trend can be explicated through routine monitor; and the pathogenic character will be determined by the reaction between differential host and the known gene materials. Their pathogenicity and parasitic fitness estimating are helpful to evaluate influence surface of wheat resistance gene and definite pathogenic range and reproductive capacity. Here their SCAR specific marker will be studied and the rapid detection system will be set up. This will provide scientific basis for advanced prediction for Gui 22-9 and 22-14 new strain a

英文关键词： Wheat stripe rust；G22；G22-9；G22-14；Epidemic prediction