项目名称: 南极陨石击变熔融脉中矿物动力学研究:界定冲击持续时间
项目编号: No.41272057
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 天文学、地球科学
项目作者: 谢志东
作者单位: 南京大学
项目金额: 84万元
中文摘要: 本项目拟应用聚焦离子束-透射电镜(FIB-TEM)微区分析技术,针对个别南极陨石击变熔融脉中高压矿物的微结构微矿物开展深入研究。研究重点是熔融脉中主岩碎块包裹体,熔融脉基质,特别是脉边界及过渡边界的矿物相之间的相变及成分变化特征;以所得的矿物学数据为基础,结合动态冲击物理学及静态高压实验学研究认识,利用相关的矿物动力学、晶体生长学、热传导学等知识,计算元素扩散时间、晶体生长时间及熔融脉结晶时间,进而估算冲击持续时间,并探讨早期太阳系中小行星母体的冲击条件。此项研究有助于揭示冲击变质过程中陨石熔融脉结晶动力学过程,乃至陨石冲击动力学过程,并对认识早期太阳系小行星体演化历史具有重要的理论意义。另外陨石矿物学的FIB-TEM高新技术研究也可为我国深空探测科学研究,尤其是探月三期月壤回收后的微矿物学分析研究提供借鉴。
中文关键词: 击变熔融脉;冲击变质;固态相变;橄榄石;辉石
英文摘要: We propose to use FIB-TEM technique to investigate the microstructure and mineralogy of shock-induced melt veins in several Antarctic meteorites. This Research focuses on the phase transformation and geochemical characterization of the host-rock fragments in melt veins, vein matrix, especially the vein edge and transition boundary between different phases. Based on obtained data of mineralogy of the melt veins, combining with knowledge of shock physics and static high-pressure experiment, using related mineral kinetics, crystal growth kinetics and melt vein thermal conduction modeling, we can calculate the duration of element diffusion, crystal growth, and crystallization of the melt vein, then estimate the shock duration, and discuss the shock conditions of parent bodies of the planet embryo in early solar system. This research is useful to reveal the crystallization kinetics of melt vein under shock condition, and the shock kinetics of the meteorite. It is important for understanding the evolution history of asteroids in the early solar system. In addition, the application of the high technique of FIB-TEM in meteorite mineralogy provides a good reference for China deep space exploration research, especially for the future micro-mineralogy research of the lunar soil after lunar sample return mission in the thir
英文关键词: shock-induced melt vein;impact metamorphism;solid-state transformation;olivine;pyroxene