北极冰边缘区海冰动力过程研究

项目名称： 北极冰边缘区海冰动力过程研究

项目编号： No.41276191

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 卢鹏

作者单位： 大连理工大学

项目金额： 76万元

中文摘要： 针对传统海冰动力学模型无法全面反映海冰边缘区内形拖曳力贡献以及冰情多变特点的问题，通过1）考虑夏季海冰边缘区海洋混合层深度较浅的实际情况，开展实验室物理模拟和数值模拟实验研究，以分层流体模拟上层海洋的密度层化，深入研究冰脊与分层流体的动力作用过程，建立冰脊形拖曳系数随冰脊形态和流体性质变化的定量表达，获得冰脊对冰下流场和内波生成的影响规律，从而完善冰-水拖曳系数参数化方案；2）在北极现场考察中，利用飞机和船舶上搭载的数码影像设备对走航经过的海冰边缘区进行系统观测，发展海冰图像的自动处理算法，获得北极海冰边缘区内浮冰尺寸、形状、厚度、密集度及冰脊的分布规律。最终在充分考虑拖曳系数参数化、波浪力和冰内应力基础上，发展适用于海冰边缘区的动力学模型；并基于现场观测浮冰、冰脊分布，利用模型计算研究北极海冰边缘区浮冰运动规律，以及随冰形态和风、流场的变化，为气候变化研究和北极航运工业活动提供有益支持。

中文关键词： 北极；冰边缘区；拖曳系数；分层流体；参数化

英文摘要： For the marginal ice zone (MIZ), the contribution of the form drag to momentum exchange and the large variability in ice conditions are always not fully presented by the traditional sea ice dynamic models. To solve this problem, 1) considering the existence of shallow ocean mixed layer in the summer marginal ice zone, both laboratory experiments and numerical modeling are carried out, in which stratified flow is used to simulate the density structure of the upper ocean, to study the dynamic interactions between ice ridge keel and stratified flow, to setup the quantitative representation of the keel form drag coefficient with ridge geometry and stratified flow properties, to obtain the influence of ridge keel on the flow field and internal waves, and then to consummate the parameterization of ice-ocean drag coefficient; 2) digital photography equipments are installed on aircraft and shipboard to systemically observe the MIZ on the cruises during Arctic field investigations, automatic image processing algorithms are developed to analyze the sea ice images of the Arctic MIZ, and then obtain the spatial distributions of floe size, shape, ice thickness, concentration and ice ridge. Finally the sea ice dynamic model suitable for the MIZ is developed which takes into account the parameterization of drag coefficients, w

英文关键词： Arctic；marginal ice zone；drag coefficient；stratified fluid；parameterization