苦槛蓝中农药活性成分的研究

项目名称： 苦槛蓝中农药活性成分的研究

项目编号： No.20872039

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 谷文祥

作者单位： 华南农业大学

项目金额： 33万元

中文摘要： 化学合成农药的高毒、高残留和对环境污染，引起人们越来越广泛的关注。从植物中寻找高效、低毒、无残留、对环境安全的农药，已经成为世界农药研究的热点。苦槛蓝(Myoporum bontioides A.Gray)为多年生常绿灌木或乔木类,在南方沿海有丰富的植物资源，并且易于种植，民间用来治疗肺结核等疾病。本课题采用活性跟踪分离法从苦槛蓝中分离得到26个化合物，利用IR,1H-NMR 和 13C-NMR 等分析技术确定了其中23个化合物的结构,并测定了他们的生物活性。结果表明：苦槛蓝提取物对水稻三大病害菌的抑制作用非常显著，提取物浓度为10.00mg/ml时对供试病菌的抑制率高达96%，对稻瘟菌孢子萌发抑制率高达100%。此外，苦槛蓝中黄酮类化合物的总含量高达5.15%。本研究为苦槛蓝在农药、医药上的开发利用奠定了理论基础，具有广泛的应用前景。

中文关键词： 苦槛蓝；抑菌作用；稻瘟菌；黄酮类化合物

英文摘要： Chemosynthesis pesticide with poison remains high and environmental pollution has become more and more widespread concern in the world and from the plant to look for effective, low mammalian toxicity and remains, for the safety of chemicals, has become a world of hot. Myoporum bontioides A.Gray, a member of the class perennial evergreen shrub or arbor, is abundant in coastal districts in south China. It is used as a folk medicine to treat pulmonary tuberculosis and other similar diseases. Under activity- guidance, 26 compounds were isolated and 23 structures were elucidated mainly by analyses of the IR,1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data.The bioassay showed its ethanol extracts and some compounds have high antimicrobial activity against Penicillium glaucum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Phytophthora, Gloeosporium musarum, Rhizoctonia solani, Piricularia oryzae. On the PDA medium with extract concentration of 10.00mg/ml, it could inhibit the growth of Phytophthora sojae,Gloeosporium musarum,Magnaporthe grisea,Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae more than 96%, and 100% inhibiting rate to Magnaporthe grisea. At the same time,the contents of flavanone compounds have been detected about to 5.1%,may be it will be used to a medicine against cancer.This research give theory base for use and exploitation of Myoporum bontioides A.Gray in pesticide and medicine.

英文关键词： Myoporum bontioides; Antimicrobial inhibitory activity; Magnaporthe grisea; flavonoids