铌基超导量子干涉器件噪声机理及研制关键技术研究

项目名称： 铌基超导量子干涉器件噪声机理及研制关键技术研究

项目编号： No.61501440

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 张国峰

作者单位： 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 超导量子干涉器件（SQUID）是已知最为灵敏的磁探测器件，可以探测磁场、电流等其他一切可以转化为磁通的物理量，在生物医学、核磁共振、地球物理等领域有广泛的应用。设计和研制具有极限灵敏度的SQUID是本项目的主要研究目标，其关键科学问题在于深刻理解SQUID噪声机理及抑制方法。本项目将通过数值模拟与实验验证相结合的方式，对SQUID中各单元器件，例如约瑟夫森结、电阻、电感、电容等进行设计与制备，揭示SQUID噪声来源及物理本质；攻克SQUID设计和制备技术，研发并构建SQUID测试专用电路及弱磁屏蔽环境。本项目的创新之处在于完全基于原创的SQUID设计方案，例如SQUID自举电路（SBC）、欠阻尼SQUID等，并利用自有超导工艺平台，开展极限灵敏度SQUID器件的研制，填补了我国在自主极限灵敏度SQUID方面的空白，也为我国的极限探测提供了自主、国产的超导器件解决方案。

中文关键词： 超导电子器件；超导干涉器；超导薄膜；特性测试

英文摘要： Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUID) is the most sensitive magnetic sensor known. It can be used to detect any physical quantities that can be converted to magnetic flux, e.g., magnetic fields, current and so on. SQUID can be used in many applications such as bio-medical, nuclear magnetic resonance, geophysical fields. The main goal of this project is to design and fabricate the ultra-sensitive SQUIDs. The key scientific problem is to understand the noise theory as well as its suppression technology of the SQUID. We plan to design and fabricate Josephson junctions, resistors, inductances and capacitances, which consist of SQUID, in conjunction with numeric simulations and experiments to study the source and physical mechanism of the SQUID noise. The SQUID design and fabrication technology will be studied and the noise measurements will be carried out by using home-made readout electronics in a well-shielded environment. The innovation of this project is the original design of the SQUID, i.e., SQUID bootstrap circuit (SBC) and weakly-damped SQUID. Besides the original design, the SQUID will be fabricated in our own superconducting process facilities. Our study will fill the gap in the ultra-sensitive SQUID and provide totally autonomous and domestic superconducting devices for the limit of detection fields.

英文关键词： superconductive electronic devices;superconducting interference devices;superconducting films;superconducting characteristics