南极普里兹湾中尺度气旋活动特征与空间结构研究

项目名称： 南极普里兹湾中尺度气旋活动特征与空间结构研究

项目编号： No.41206185

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 海洋科学

项目作者： 孙启振

作者单位： 国家海洋环境预报中心

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 南极中尺度气旋由于时空尺度较小而给预报带来较大困难，人们对其了解也远少于天气尺度的气旋。现今国际上对于东南极普里兹湾中尺度气旋的结构特点和活动特征的研究极少。本项目拟利用普里兹湾海域MODIS可见光、红外及水汽多光谱通道图像对气旋云系进行识别，根据MODIS遥感数据研究中尺度气旋与各海洋气象要素场的关系；利用极地中尺度大气数值模式Polar WRF，研究普里兹湾中尺度气旋活动的影响因子；结合天气形势图，分析中尺度气旋发生发展消散的大尺度环流形势，阐明普里兹湾海域中尺度气旋的活动特征。利用极轨卫星微波辐射数据和Polar WRF中尺度模式，分析研究普里兹湾中尺度气旋的对流云系，最终阐明普里兹湾海域中尺度气旋的空间结构。

中文关键词： 南极；普里兹湾；中尺度气旋；活动特征；空间结构

英文摘要： Due to the small scale in spatial and temporal, Antarctic mesoscale cyclones are difficult to forecast, and its understanding is far less than the synoptic-scale cyclones. Few studies were carried out for the structural characteristics and activity characteristics of mesoscale cyclones in the East Antarctic Prydz Bay. This project intends to identify the cloud system and the performance in the satellite images of mesoscale cyclones in Prydz Bay with the MODIS visible, multispectral infrared and water vapor channels; with the high resolution MODIS data, the relationship between mesoscale cyclones and various marine meteorological elements will be studied; the impact factor of the Prydz Bay-scale cyclone activity will be analyzed by polar mesoscale numerical model Polar WRF; by the use of the weather chats, the development in large-scale circulation patterns and finally the characteristics of the mesoscale cyclone activity in the Prydz Bay will be clear. With the convective clouds from the microwave radiation data of the polar orbit satellites, and mesoscale cyclone cases simulation from polar mesoscale numerical model Polar WRF, the structure of mesoscale cyclones in Prydz Bay will finally be clarified.

英文关键词： Antarctica；Prydz Bay；mesoscale cyclone；activity characteristics；spatial structure