竹亚科青篱竹族的线粒体基因组及其在系统发育上的应用

项目名称： 竹亚科青篱竹族的线粒体基因组及其在系统发育上的应用

项目编号： No.31300184

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 马朋飞

作者单位： 中国科学院昆明植物研究所

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 青篱竹族隶属于禾本科竹亚科，包括许多具有重要经济价值的竹种如毛竹等，是竹亚科系统学研究的难点。青篱竹族目前被划分成10个分支，项目申请者利用全叶绿体基因组数据解决了部分分支之间的关系，并发现线粒体基因组数据在植物系统发育分析中同样具有利用价值。植物线粒体基因组较大，具有进化速率低、结构变异频繁等特点，其内在进化机制尚不清楚。已有8种禾本科植物完成线粒体基因组的测序，但仍缺少来自竹亚科的代表。本项目从青篱竹族在我国均有分布的8个主要分支中各选取1个代表种，利用第二代测序技术开展较大规模的线粒体基因组测序，拼接组装出完整的青篱竹族线粒体基因组序列，完成基因组注释。在禾本科内开展比较基因组学研究，全面阐明青篱竹族线粒体基因组结构与进化模式，揭示其进化机制。基于线粒体基因组证据，尤其是结构上的变异，以系统发育基因组学的手段构建青篱竹族系统发育关系，为解决这一困难类群的系统发育关系提供新思路。

中文关键词： 竹类；线粒体基因组；测序；系统发育；进化

英文摘要： The tribe Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) contains many economically important bamboos such as the moso bamboo, and building its phylogeny has been proved to be a difficult problem in the Bambusoideae subfamily. The Arundinarieae was divided into 10 major clades in the previous studies, and recently the phylogenetic relationships among them have only been partially resolved based on the complete chloroplast genome sequences. The utility of mitochondrial genome sequences for plant phylogenetic reconstruction was also suggested in our study. The mitochondrial genomes of plants usually have a large genome size and exhibit a number of unique features including a low rate of molecular evolution and frequent genome structure rearrangement. However, the mechanisms underlying the evolution of plant mitochondrial genomes have not yet been revealed. Now there are 8 grasses with their mitochondrial genomes sequenced but no complete mitochondrial genome sequence from a bamboo species. We will choose one representative species from each of the 8 Arundinarieae major clades which all have species distributed in China, and sequence their mitochondrial genomes by second generation sequencing technology in this project. A complete mitochondrial genome from Arundinarieae will be assembled and annotated. We will also conduct

英文关键词： Bamboo；Mitochondrial genome；Sequencing；Phylogeny；Evolution