粤北铀尾矿库及周边地区放射性污染产生机制及控制原理

项目名称： 粤北铀尾矿库及周边地区放射性污染产生机制及控制原理

项目编号： No.U1401231

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 丁德馨

作者单位： 南华大学

项目金额： 250万元

中文摘要： 铀尾矿库是铀矿山最大的放射性污染源，研究铀尾矿库及周边地区放射性污染产生机制及控制原理具有重要意义。本项目拟通过研究广东韶关地区745矿铀尾矿库及周边地区的生物地球化学因子，对铀尾矿中铀、钍、镭等放射性核素的形态、价态的转化以及铁矿物的还原性溶解所导致的铀、钍、镭等放射性核素的释放、土壤吸附铀、钍、镭等放射性核素的行为、土壤中铀、钍、镭等放射性核素的迁移的行为以及植物和微生物富集和吸附铀、钍、镭等放射性核素的行为的影响，揭示铀尾矿库及周边地区放射性污染产生的机制；通过研究具有原位修复铀、钍、镭等放射性核素污染功能的功能植物群落、植物-微生物共生富集净化体系、土著生物还原U（VI）功能微生物群落和土著生物矿化U（VI）功能微生物群落等，对影响放射性污染土壤、地表水和地下水中铀、钍、镭等放射性核素的转化、释放、迁移、积累的生物地球化学因子的调控作用，提出控制铀尾矿库及周边地区放射性污染的原理。

中文关键词： 铀尾矿库；放射性核素污染；功能植物群落；植物-微生物共生富集体系；生物还原/矿化

英文摘要： Uranium tailings impoundment is the largest source of radionuclide contamination in a uranium mine, and it is of great significance to study the mechanism for radionuclide contamination and the principles for controlling the contamination in the impoundment and the surrounding area. This research proposal will study the effects of the biogeochemical agents for the uranium tailings impoundment and the surrounding area at No.745 uranium mine in Shaoguan District in Guangdong Province on the transfer of the speciation and valance of the uranium, thorium and radium in the uranium tailings in the impoundment, the release of the uranium, thorium and radium adsorbed onto the iron minerals resulted from the reduction dissolution of the minerals, the adsorption behavior of the soil for the uranium, thorium and radium, the transport behavior of the uranium, thorium and radium in the soil, and the adsorption and accumulation behavior of plants and microorganisms for the uranium, thorium and radium, and reveal the mechanism for the radionuclide contamination in the impoundment and the surrounding area. Furthermore, this research proposal will study the control effects of the functional plant community with the function of in situ bioremediation of the radionuclide contaminated soil, the plant-microorganism symbiotic system for the removal of the radionuclides in the radioactively contaminated surface water, the native functional microorganism community for bioreduction of U(VI) in the radioactively contaminated groundwater, and the native functional microorganism community for biomineralization of U(VI) in the radioactively contaminated groundwater over the biogeochemical agents influencing the transfer, release, transport and accumulation of the radionuclides in the soil, surface water and groundwater, and propose the controll principles for the radionuclide contamination in the uranium tailings impoundment and its surrounding area.

英文关键词： uranium tailing impoundment;radionuclide contamination;functional plant community;plant-microbe symbiotic sys.;bioreduction/biomineralization